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475 1.0
To move in the direction behind you
  • verb
  • /bæk/
translation icon : retroceder
  • In a while, Jack's car started, backed up a little, and then pulled away very slowly.
  • back away

At that point, Kim and I backed up with Ken McElroy.

Examples

  • She'd backed the sedan in, just the way I told her to.

  • There are aids that would force me to back away from the text.

    Academic text (1996)
  • But as I was walking back, I found a little snack.

  • But this time he had scared himself, and he backed up a little, set to run.

    Fiction book (1990)
  • - Ma'am, I need you to back off.

  • The driver needed to back up to avoid hitting the wall of the garage.

  • He had to back the car out of the narrow driveway carefully.

  • During the parking test, the instructor told her to back up straight to show her control.

Synonyms

to move back
vsto back
283 1.7

To step away to an earlier place

is simple movement in reverse without implying retreat or distance
to back up
vsto back
  • Specialized
238 2.7

Move backwards to make space or avoid something

is general movement in reverse not limited to vehicles
to turn back
vsto back
159 2.1

To go back to a previous place or state

is basic reverse movement without the idea of returning to an earlier place
to backtrack
vsto back
42 4.3

To go back along the same route you have just taken

is general reverse movement without retracing a specific route
to double back
vsto back
27 3.7

To turn around and go back the way you came

is broader reverse movement not necessarily involving retracing steps
to inch back
vsto back
1 4.9

To move slowly and carefully backward in very small steps

is general reverse movement without a slow or cautious pace
to countermarch
vsto back
  • Specialized
9.6

March back together as a group, especially soldiers

is plain reverse motion not specific to marching or groups
to backwash
vsto back
5.5

To move backward, especially of water, sometimes causing damage

is simple reverse movement without causing indirect consequences

Antonyms

417 3.4

To help something move forward or become better

Idioms

374 2.0

Moving one way and then the other again and again

back in the day
  • Informal
74 5.5

A time in the past people remember with warm feelings, often when they were young

A point after which you cannot go back or undo a decision

Returned to taking part after being away or having problems

28 6.9

To praise yourself too much for something you did

way back when
  • Informal
22 7.3

A long time ago

18 4.3

In a secret way without someone knowing, often to hurt them

16 5.0

Kept for later and given lower priority

15 5.5

Become successful or active again after a long time away

Because of something, often a success, something else happens

Know a place or thing very well because you have seen it many times

12 4.3

To start again after a failure

11 5.2

To go back to an earlier time or wish you could

Knowing a place or subject very well

To go to a place and back again

Lying on the back on the ground because someone is tired, hurt, or sick

Start again from the beginning when a plan or idea fails

6 5.0

To try again after a failure, especially when you feel afraid

5 8.1

Someone keeps something secret to use later for an advantage

from way back
  • Informal
5 7.7

Since a long time ago

To start doing your normal work and activities after a break

Look out for each other in dangerous situations

2 7.2

Able to work well again after a break

back to the wall
  • Informal
2 7.6

In a situation with very few choices where you must try hard to survive or win

2 8.7

A problem that stays with you and causes worry

To have very hard times and still survive

To try to undo something you cannot change

A style that looks formal at the front and casual at the back

To annoy someone or make them feel defensive

So generous that they would give almost everything to help others

Try to make things the way they were after they changed

1 6.3

Feel very strong love for someone

6.0

To work very hard at something until you are very tired

Surprised and not ready to deal with a sudden problem

9.6

To be told off strongly or to listen very carefully

back end of a bus
  • Offensive
9.9

Something that looks very ugly and unpleasant

To notice things happening behind you without turning around

A face that people think is very ugly

To get things someone probably stole and sold cheaply

To know something very well and do it easily

Does not let criticism or insults affect them

Do something that causes trouble for yourself later

Support and protect someone in hard times

9.0

Not upset or harmed when something happens to someone else

To make someone angry or ready to argue

A future problem someone creates for themselves that causes trouble later

6.9

Make someone feel young again when they remember the past

8.6

In a weak position after a problem or unexpected event

To do something easily even with serious problems

Progress that bigger problems later undo

Treat someone in the same bad way they treated you

A person who gives all they have to help others

Phrasal Verbs

1.0

Return to a previous place, topic, or state

1.3

To return to how it was before

1.6

Have again something you had before it was lost or taken

919 1.3

To return to a previous subject or point

752 2.6

To reply to someone later with information

684 1.0

Return something to the person who owns it after you use or borrow it

676 2.1

Return someone or something to the place they came from

457 2.8

Phone someone who called you earlier

449 1.0

Return something to the place where it was before

436 1.7

Return someone or something to the place they came from

to back off
  • Informal
356 2.8

Move away from someone, or stop taking part in something

354 3.0

Help someone or show evidence for an idea

323 2.6

Think about the past, especially a time you remember

298 1.6

Give back money you borrowed from someone

287 2.3

Come from an earlier time

283 1.7

To step away to an earlier place

Start doing your job again after a break

to back up
  • Specialized
238 2.7

Move backwards to make space or avoid something

188 3.3

Resist an attack or criticism by responding

187 3.2

Stop someone or something from moving forward

173 2.7

To move a vehicle backwards into a parking space so the back goes in

169 2.9

To reduce how much you buy and use to save money and be healthier

162 3.4

To move yourself and things backward from a place, person, or situation

159 1.6

Move away and keep a safe distance from something or someone for safety

159 2.1

To go back to a previous place or state

to take back
  • Informal
148 3.1

Make someone remember a time from the past

143 3.0

Make someone remember something from the past

123 1.5

To return something to the person or place it came from

115 3.9

Begin a relationship again with someone after it ended

108 4.2

Keep yourself from showing feelings or telling others

107 3.7

To stop insisting because others oppose you

104 6.8

Be careful about people who might try to harm you

to sit back
  • Informal
103 3.5

To do nothing when you should help

101 3.6

Pause and think about a situation to understand it better

99 3.0

Get back something you had given, lent, or lost

97 3.9

Force a person or thing to move backward in body and feeling

95 3.0

To come from an earlier time

92 1.9

Remember things that happened in the past

to sit back
  • Informal
87 2.7

To lean back and relax while you watch

Choose not to be involved with someone or something anymore

to back out
  • Informal
79 3.4

Decide not to do something you promised to do

to get back at
  • Informal
77 5.6

To do something to hurt someone because they hurt you

Use less of something to save money or be healthier

75 1.4

Turn your head or eyes to see behind you

73 3.2

Make a copy of computer files to prevent loss

to come back
  • Informal
67 4.1

To reply quickly and strongly to a remark

66 2.2

Move your upper body away from sitting upright to rest more comfortably

Start working normally again after a problem or distraction

61 3.5

Say that what you said before was wrong and you no longer believe it

Get better quickly after an illness, problem, or setback

59 3.9

Stop supporting or taking part in a plan because you feel unsure

57 3.7

To move back to a safer place when facing danger

To pause and think again about a situation to see the bigger picture

to talk back
  • Informal
46 5.4

Reply rudely to someone in charge like a teacher or boss

46 4.3

To use something for help when other options fail

37 4.2

To cause a delay and slow progress

To fight back after someone attacks or hurts you

34 4.6

To hesitate and stay behind the group

33 4.1

Break a promise or agreement

33 3.4

Get back someone or something you lost

33 3.0

Support others by offering time or money to say thank you

30 3.2

Move a car backwards out of a place like a garage

To turn around and go back the way you came

27 4.0

Become blocked so things cannot move

27 3.7

To recover after illness, money problems, or other setbacks

to get back
  • Informal
24 4.2

Do something to hurt someone because they hurt you

23 3.3

Ask someone to return after they have left

22 3.4

To pay money to get something you once sold, lost, or gave away

To make someone remember the past, for example a song or photo

19 4.1

Force someone or something to move away from danger

18 4.4

To return to a topic later to talk about it

to come back
  • Informal
18 3.2

To make the score equal after being behind in a game

to shot back
  • Informal
18 4.8

To answer quickly in a sharp, angry way

Compounds

163 1.0

A door at the back of a building used as an extra entrance

out back
  • Informal
112 2.3

The area outside at the back of a building or house

72 3.4

A room at the back of a shop or office used for private meetings with a few people

running back
  • Jargon
60 2.8

A player in American football who runs with the ball to gain yards for the team

45 3.7

Happening one after another with no break between them

23 2.3

A covered area outside at the back door of a house

back burner
  • Informal
20 3.9

A task or plan kept for later because it is not urgent

18 3.1

A small quiet road used to avoid traffic and reach local homes

16 2.7

A narrow street behind buildings used as a shortcut

16 5.9

A secret way to enter a system or place by avoiding security

15 3.6

Calling someone again after missing their call or message

10 1.8

A door at the back of a building that people use to enter

A promise from a seller to give back the full price if you are not satisfied

back office
  • Jargon
7 3.7

A part of a company that does office and support work away from customers

back end
  • Specialized
5 3.7

The part of a program that runs on a server and stores and processes data

5 3.3

A narrow street behind main streets that few people use

back channel
  • Literature
4 7.7

A secret way to talk privately between governments or leaders

The back part of a goal where the ball goes when a player scores

back talk
  • Informal
4 7.2

Rude replies people give to someone in charge

3 3.0

The movement of a ball or object after it hits a surface and comes back

back brace
  • Specialized
3 3.9

A device you wear around your back to support it and help you sit or stand straight

3 3.5

An order for goods not in stock that are sent later

back pocket
  • Informal
2 4.2

A plan kept ready to use in case of need

Made quickly and simply to give a rough calculation or plan

2 3.8

The rear part of something opposite the front

1 2.2

A tooth at the back of the mouth, like a molar

1 3.4

A quick recovery after a setback

1 5.7

A remote wild area far from towns and roads

1 9.8

A place far from towns and people

1 4.3

Showing quick recovery after a setback

bounce-back
  • Texting
1 3.7

An automatic message that tells the sender their email was not delivered

call-back
  • Jargon
1 4.1

Asking workers who were laid off to return to work

Three events happening one after another without a break

call-back
  • Specialized
1 5.9

A piece of code given to another function to run later when an action finishes

A move that makes the muscles in your back stronger

1 9.6

A distant part of a farm often about forty acres used for grazing or crops

back judge
  • Jargon
1 5.5

An official in American football who stands deep behind defenders to watch the play and enforce rules

back matter
  • Specialized
1 6.0

Sections at the end of a book that give extra information like appendices and an index

1 3.6

Relating to the countryside and a simple, not fancy way of life

1 8.9

A person who works secretly to influence decisions

back-blast
  • Specialized
1 8.8

A strong flow of hot gas pushed back from a fired weapon that can injure people behind it

back-seat driver
  • Offensive
1 5.3

A person who gives unwanted advice while someone else does a task

A wooden chair with a back made of several flat horizontal pieces

1 7.8

A chair with a back made of horizontal slats like a ladder

water back
  • Archaic
1 8.9

A tank behind a stove or fireplace that heats water for home use

back bearing
  • Specialized
6.8

A direction directly opposite the one you found that you use to check your position

9.9

An illegal drug that makes you see things that are not real

back circle
  • Specialized
9.3

A gymnastics move where a person lies on their back, arches their back and brings their feet to their head

Exercise where you bend your upper body back to strengthen the lower back

7.2

A less-used hallway at the back of a building that people use for private or service access

back saw
  • Specialized
6.0

A saw with a stiff top edge used for making small, precise cuts in wood

back stance
  • Specialized
6.7

A martial arts position with the back leg bent and the front leg straight for balance and quick movement

8.4

The area where the lower back meets the bottom

A person well known in a small group, often a supporting actor in theatre

A person who secretly breaks into computer systems to steal information

back vowel
  • Specialized
7.0

A vowel you make with the tongue near the back of the mouth, like the 'o' in pole

back yer
  • Specialized
9.9

A Cyrillic letter written as Ъ or ъ that shows a hard consonant sound

back-formation
  • Specialized
8.6

A word made by removing an ending from a longer word

back-number
  • Offensive
9.9

A person who is no longer important or fashionable

back-patty
  • Slang
9.9

A small private action of praising yourself for something you did

7.4

A secret plan you keep to use if the main plan fails

flanker back
  • Jargon
7.7

An American football player who stands near the sideline to catch passes

laid-back friend
  • Informal
3.0

A friend who is relaxed and does not get stressed easily

9.1

A return to an earlier style or idea

hollow-back
  • Specialized
9.6

A deep inward curve in the lower back that changes posture

relation back
  • Formal
9.9

Treating a later court document as filed on an earlier date

pass-back
  • Specialized
3.2

A ball moved backward to a teammate to keep possession

4.2

Sending a file back to the person who handled it before for review

set-back
  • Specialized
8.3

A part of a building where the wall becomes narrower in steps

A pain in the back muscles that comes after lifting or sudden movement

How Far Back

to retreat
235 4.0
to back
475 1.0
to back up
  • Specialized
238 2.7
to step back
101 3.6
to inch back
1 4.9

Surface Forms

back infinitive
backed past
backed past participle
backing present participle
backs third person singular

Etymology

Back comes from the old English word bæc meaning 'rear', so to back a truck or car is to move it toward the 'rear' or in the opposite direction to going forward.