Skip to main content
to rough

to rough

57 6.5
To make a quick simple drawing or plan
  • verb
  • /rʌf/
translation icon : esbozar
  • Generally, designs are roughed out in solids and the details are done with surface modeling.

Examples

  • The artist roughed in some shapes on the canvas to outline her composition.

  • She quickly roughed out a plan for the project during the meeting.

  • I have roughed something out.

  • I'll probably have the terms roughed out by the time I return. "Good," I said.

    Fiction book (1992)
  • Suddenly, Snyder and the cops burst through the crowd and grab Jack, roughing him up.

    Fiction book (1992)
  • Before finalizing the report, he roughed it out with a few key points.

Synonyms

to rough out
vsto rough
1 5.1

To make a simple first version of an idea or plan as a quick drawing

is used more broadly to shape or treat things beyond just first drafts
to rough in
vsto rough
1 6.6

Make a simple first version to show the main plan

is used more generally for shaping or treating not only for outlines
to roughcast
vsto rough
8.1

To make a rough basic shape before finishing it

is used more widely for drafts and general treatment not only shaping
to rough-hew
vsto rough
  • Specialized
9.9

To shape wood or stone without smoothing the surface

is used more generally for drafting or treating things not only carving materials

Antonyms

93 4.0

Make something better by making a few small changes

46 1.1

To make something smooth and shiny by rubbing it

Idioms

7 5.2

A person or thing with great talent but little polish

To go through a short time with problems after a good time

rough time of it
  • Informal
2 6.5

A period when someone has many problems

Accept the good and bad parts of a situation

Phrasal Verbs

to rough up
  • Offensive
35 7.3

To attack and hurt someone slightly to scare them

to rough it
  • Informal
15 7.5

To live without usual comforts for a short time

1 5.1

To make a simple first version of an idea or plan as a quick drawing

1 8.1

Stay outside at night without a house or proper shelter

1 6.6

Make a simple first version to show the main plan

To make something better by fixing small problems

to cut up rough
  • Informal
9.8

Act in a violent or aggressive way and cause trouble

Hang wet clothes without smoothing or ironing, leaving them a little wrinkled

to rough-hew
  • Specialized
9.9

To shape wood or stone without smoothing the surface

Compounds

rough cut
  • Specialized
5 4.8

An early edited version of a film before final changes

the rough
  • Jargon
5 7.0

An area on a golf course with long grass that makes play harder

rough-and-tumble
  • Informal
3 7.3

Energetic and rough, not following usual rules

3 3.6

Sea or big lake with strong waves that make travel by boat difficult

2 8.1

A soldier on horseback in the volunteer unit led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War

1 4.7

A sharp, uneven part that can cut, or a small fault in a person's way of behaving

An appearance that seems tough but hides a softer side

rough-and-ready
  • Informal
1 6.6

Simple and not carefully made but good enough for the job

rough sledding
  • Informal
1 7.0

A difficult time that is hard to get through

1 8.1

A harsh punishment people give without help from the police or courts

rough trot
  • Informal
1 8.1

A difficult time or an uncomfortable ride someone has

rough-skinned newt
  • Specialized
1 8.8

A small salamander with rough skin that lives near streams on the Pacific coast

A climbing evergreen plant with spiny zigzag stems, shiny leaves, and pale green flowers

rough bristlegrass
  • Specialized
9.6

A grass with rough, stiff seed heads that often grows as a weed

A quick simple sketch that shows the main ideas

rough pea
  • Specialized
8.8

A winter plant with weak stems that farmers use to cover soil and feed animals

7.1

A person who sleeps outside because they have no home

rough fish
  • Jargon
8.1

A fish people do not want to eat, catch, or use as bait

rough green snake
  • Specialized
8.4

A thin bright green snake with rough scales that is harmless and lives in the southern and eastern United States

rough horsetail
  • Specialized
9.6

An evergreen plant with rough, jointed stems that people use to scrub pans

A noisy, rough fight with little care for rules

rough-cut
  • Specialized
4.9

Shaped but not smoothed or fully finished

A cloth with a coarse, uneven surface that feels scratchy

rough-leaved aster
  • Specialized
9.5

A North American plant that lives for many years with rough hairy leaves and purple daisy-like flowers

rough-legged hawk
  • Specialized
7.0

A large Northern hawk with feathered legs that hunts small animals like mice

A person who speaks in a rude, harsh way

7.9

A plant from North America with rough stems and small yellow flowers

A surface that feels bumpy or not smooth to the touch

How Finished

to finish
1.0
revise
1 3.9
to rough
57 6.5
draft
  • Specialized
245 3.7
sketch
150 2.5

Surface Forms

rough infinitive
roughed past
roughed past participle
roughing present participle
roughs third person singular

Etymology

Rough comes from the old English ruh meaning 'coarse', and to 'rough' something is to make it coarse or make a quick, not-finished version. So when you 'rough' a plan you make a simple draft or uneven version.