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29 3.4
Too warm and without fresh air
  • adjective
  • /kloʊs/
translation icon : sofocante
  • The house she rented was dark and had a close, unpleasant odor.

Examples

  • A virulent sun lay close to the horizon, and the air felt steamy and dense.

    Fiction book (1991)
  • The crowd was tired, overheated, and close to fury over bad deals and inflated prices.

    Fiction book (1996)
  • The room felt as warm and close as the stage set for a production of No Exit.

    Fiction book (1998)
  • Below ground, the air was stale and close, heavy with a mineral scent.

    Fiction book (1995)
  • Inside Condosta's, it was gloomy and close, with a dark smell like a cellar.

    Fiction book (1997)
  • The air in their bedroom was hot and close, with a strange odor at once thick and acrid.

    Fiction book (1992)
  • The darkened room was sweetly close with a fragrance that reminded Marquette of incense.

    Fiction book (1993)
  • The small room felt stuffy and close with no open windows to let in fresh air.

  • On hot summer days, the air can feel close and oppressive, making it hard to breathe.

  • After a long day in the sun, the tent felt close and uncomfortable inside.

Synonyms

musty
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29 3.9

A stale, slightly damp smell like old things kept without fresh air

indicates uncomfortable warmth and stuffiness rather than mainly a smell issue
clammy
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21 3.5

A little damp, slightly sticky, and cool in a way that feels unpleasant

is about a warm, airless feeling rather than a cool damp touch
stuffy
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13 2.7

A room with little fresh air that feels uncomfortable to breathe in

is the everyday word for the same uncomfortably warm, airless feeling
muggy
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9 2.6

Warm, sticky air that feels wet and uncomfortable

applies more to places feeling uncomfortably warm and lacking fresh air
steamy
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9 3.2

Full of steam or covered in mist

describes warmth plus lack of fresh air rather than visible moisture
sultry
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5 5.3

Very hot and humid in an uncomfortable way

is broader, focusing on stuffy indoor air rather than outdoor humid heat
airless
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4 4.9

A room or building with little fresh air that feels stuffy

focuses on the uncomfortable warmth as well as the lack of fresh air
stifling
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4 5.3

Very hot, close air that makes it hard to breathe

covers similar discomfort but with more emphasis on warmth and stuffiness
suffocating
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1 5.1

Making it hard to breathe because the air is hot, close, or not fresh

is milder, stressing warmth and lack of fresh air without strong danger
unventilated
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1 6.3

A room with no fresh air moving in

adds the sense of being uncomfortably warm, not only lacking vents
smothering
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1 6.7

Thick hot air that makes it hard to breathe

is less intense, indicating uncomfortable warmth rather than severe breathing trouble
unairable
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8.2

Too closed to let in fresh air

is used for places that also feel uncomfortably warm and stuffy
suffocative
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8.6

Hot, heavy air that makes it hard to breathe

is less clinical and more about general uncomfortable warmth and stuffiness
sweltry
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9.1

A very hot and humid feeling that makes you uncomfortable

is more general about lack of fresh air and uncomfortable warmth
stewy
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  • Australian
7.2

Hot, humid air that feels close and stuffy

is simpler, indicating an uncomfortably warm place lacking fresh air
fuggy
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  • UK
9.9

Warm and stuffy because there is little fresh air

is the neutral term for similar uncomfortable, poorly aired conditions
fusty
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9.5

Having a stale, stuffy smell as if it has not been aired

refers instead to the feeling of being uncomfortably warm and poorly ventilated
frowsty
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  • Archaic
9.9

Smelling stale and unpleasant because the air is closed and still

focuses on warmth and lack of fresh air rather than just bad smell

Antonyms

608 1.0

A fairly low temperature that feels pleasant

314 1.0

Clean air or water that has no harmful things

Idioms

Very near to someone or something at a short distance

To permanently stop operating as a business or organization

Look at a person or thing very carefully for a while to notice problems

Near you and easy to reach

Likely to happen very soon

To stop living

close to the wind
  • Specialized
1 9.9

Sailing with the boat pointed almost into the wind to go as directly toward it as possible

To not tell people your plans or feelings to get an advantage

1 8.1

To do something risky that almost breaks rules or laws

To do something useful only after it is already too late

Behaving in a way that is risky or near the limit of what is allowed

as close as wax
  • Archaic
9.9

People who are very close and share secrets and feelings

Compounds

close-up
  • Specialized
125 3.4

A photograph or film shot that shows small details from very close

Near each other with very little space between them

close call
  • Informal
43 3.7

A situation when something bad almost happens but is avoided

A small crowded space where people are too close to each other

11 2.3

Careful, constant watching of people or things to notice problems

close shave
  • Informal
3 3.9

A situation where you almost have something bad happen

1 5.1

Placed very near each other, often for eyes or teeth

close order
  • Specialized
1 7.4

A tight group of soldiers standing or marching together for drill

close support
  • Specialized
1 7.3

Help for soldiers from nearby troops that attack the enemy

Fighting that happens at very short distance between people, often hand-to-hand

close-hauled
  • Specialized
1 9.2

Sailing as close to the wind as possible with sails pulled in tight

7.8

Putting the cut edges of tissue together so they touch and heal

close corporation
  • South African
7.3

A company that a small group of people own and run and whose shares are not sold to the public

4.7

A time when people may not hunt or fish to protect animals

close supporting fire
  • Specialized
8.5

Gunfire aimed near friendly troops to protect them from immediate enemy threats

7.7

A speech sound made with the tongue close to the roof of the mouth, like the sound in see

close-order drill
  • Specialized
8.4

Soldiers march shoulder to shoulder in a set formation for parades

A floor with tiles put very close together leaving tiny gaps

5.3

A short polite phrase that comes before the signature in a formal letter, like 'Sincerely' or 'Best regards'

How Stuffy

suffocating
1 5.1
stifling
4 5.3
close
29 3.4
stale
54 1.1

Surface Forms

close positive
closer comparative
closest superlative

Etymology

Close (adj, stuffy or without fresh air) comes from the idea of closed places: when windows and doors are closed there is no fresh air and the room feels 'close' or uncomfortable.