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to break up

to break up

678 2.6
End a relationship with someone, for example a romantic or business partner
  • phrasal verb
  • /breɪk ʌp/
  • Informal
translation icon : romper con
  • She broke up with the assistant with whom she was having an affair.
  • break up a relationship
  • break up with his wife

So her and my dad broke up when I was very young.

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Examples

  • They argued and broke up.

  • Well, I came to Europe to sing with my band, but we broke up in Rome before we ever even booked a show.

  • OK, I think we are going to break up this very weekend.

  • Why did you guys break up?

  • When Lane asked me what was wrong, I said: "I just broke up with my boyfriend."

    Fiction book (1991)
  • Why'd you guys break up three weeks ago today?

  • When people break up, there's the thing that they tell each other.

  • I have strong feelings for Owen, but I can't date him, because if we break up, there will be tension between us.

  • Moraine wanted to break up with Favio the night their windows were shot out.

    Fiction book (1992)
  • I never expected them to break up after so many years together.

Synonyms

to leave
vsto break up
1.0

To go away from a place, person, or group

is specific to ending romantic partnerships rather than simply departing or going away
to break
vsto break up
1.0

To stop an activity or end a habit

is specific to ending romantic partnerships rather than ending any activity
to split
vsto break up
575 2.3

End a relationship or go separate ways

is specific to ending romantic partnerships rather than any general separation
to dump
vsto break up
  • Informal
501 5.1

To end a romantic relationship suddenly and without care

is a neutral general term for ending a relationship more gently
to separate
vsto break up
481 2.9

To move apart or stop being together

refers specifically to ending romantic partnerships rather than general physical separation
to finish
vsto break up
  • Informal
458 4.6

To end a relationship or connection with someone

is meant for romantic partnerships specifically rather than any general association
to break up with
vsto break up
  • Informal
417 3.4

To end a romantic relationship with someone

is the general phrase used without explicitly naming the other person
to part
vsto break up
241 2.9

To separate and move in different directions after being together

is about ending romantic partnerships rather than physical division or splitting
to split up
vsto break up
  • Informal
137 2.7

To end a close relationship and go separate ways

is used for ending relationships regardless of whether both people agree
to sever
vsto break up
67 5.8

To end a relationship or connection completely by stopping all contact

is a general way to end a romantic partnership, not emphasizing total severance
to dissolve
vsto break up
  • Formal
60 4.1

To officially end an organization, agreement, or relationship

is the common personal expression for ending a romantic partnership, not formal
to break off
vsto break up
50 3.2

To stop something suddenly before it is finished, for example a talk or relationship

is a general term for ending a romantic partnership, not necessarily sudden
to part ways
vsto break up
23 3.9

To stop being together or working with someone and go in different directions

is used to end a romantic partnership rather than simply moving apart
to break with
vsto break up
23 4.1

End a relationship with someone or something in a clear, final way

is the everyday neutral expression for ending a romantic partnership
to kick someone to the curb
vsto break up
  • Informal
12 9.4

Suddenly stop seeing or talking to someone

is a general term for ending a partnership without such harsh abrupt rejection
8 3.9

Stop being together and take different paths in life

focuses on ending a romantic partnership, not necessarily mutual or peaceful
to cut the cord
vsto break up
  • Informal
5 6.6

To stop depending on someone or something and become independent

is about ending a romantic partnership regardless of creating independence
to give the mitten
vsto break up
  • Archaic
9.9

To end a relationship with a boyfriend or girlfriend

is a neutral way to end a romantic partnership without the dismissive tone
to give the bounce
vsto break up
  • UK
9.7

End someone's job or relationship suddenly and without warning

is the neutral expression for ending a relationship without abrupt dismissal
to give the axe
vsto break up
  • UK
7.4

To suddenly end someone's job or a relationship, often without warning

is the standard phrase for ending a romantic partnership, not focused on job firing

Antonyms

to get together
  • Informal
118 2.8

To bring people together for a meeting or activity

38 5.1

To become friendly again after a disagreement

How Permanent

divorce
963 2.9
to separate
481 2.9
to break up
  • Informal
678 2.6
to part ways
23 3.9
to take a break
496 1.4

Surface Forms

break up infinitive
breaking up present participle
breaks up third person singular
broke up past
broken up past participle

Morphology

break + up

The meaning 'to interrupt or bring a pause' is directly derivable from combining 'break' (to stop or interrupt) with the particle 'up', which commonly adds a sense of separation/completion; this verb+particle composition follows a standard and predictable English pattern. Even though 'up' lacks a dictionary entry here, its usual contribution to meaning makes the expression readily inferable by a B1 learner who knows the constituents.

Etymology

Break up paints a simple picture: break (to snap apart) and up (completely), like a rope between two people being cut. So the phrase means 'to end a relationship'.