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acrimonious

acrimonious

9 8.4
Full of angry, bitter words in a speech or argument
  • adjective
  • /ˌækrɪˈmoʊniəs/
translation icon : acrimonioso
  • The couple had an acrimonious divorce, resulting in bitterness and ongoing disputes over custody.
  • an acrimonious debate
  • an acrimonious confrontation
  • an acrimonious negotiation

Yeah, Boy, it got real acrimonious when I was asking for their bank accounts.

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Examples

  • Farmer attributes the acrimonious tone of the debate to nationalism and to researchers who feel their life's work is threatened.

    Academic text (2010)
  • While the ensuing conversation has expectedly been acrimonious, her question has actually not been addressed.

    Academic text (2016)
  • But then marriage, you know, what we know is that really acrimonious marriages are probably worse for your health than breaking up.

  • We begin with a basic fact, which nevertheless took considerable time and acrimonious debate before it was finally settled.

    Academic text (1995)
  • I hope we give the acrimonious partisanship a rest now that the election is over.

    Blog text (16)
  • When the arguments grew more acrimonious, he sharpened his tongue.

    Fiction book (1993)
  • In their generally acrimonious separation, visitation was one of the biggest bones of contention.

    Fiction book (1998)
  • After a series of acrimonious disagreements, President Endara dismissed members of the PDC from his government in April 1991.

    Academic text (1993)
  • In provinces with separate army commanders and provincial intendants, conflicts often produced acrimonious debates and clashes of jurisdiction.

    Academic text (1990)
  • In California's gubernatorial race, Richard Nixon has returned to the political arena in what is shaping up to be a long and acrimonious bid against popular incumbent Edmund G. Brown.

Synonyms

bitter
vsacrimonious
360 2.5

Feeling or showing strong anger and hurt

applies those feelings specifically to speech or disputes with harshness
brutal
vsacrimonious
50 4.1

Very direct and harsh in a way that can hurt people

is driven by anger and bitterness rather than blunt frankness
belligerent
vsacrimonious
26 7.5

Being ready to argue or fight

expresses harsh bitterness rather than physical or eager aggression
strident
vsacrimonious
22 7.2

Very loud and harsh in a way that feels unpleasant

is rooted in bitter anger rather than volume or forcefulness
abrasive
vsacrimonious
18 6.5

Showing little concern for other people's feelings

is more emotionally bitter and harsh rather than merely uncaring
vitriolic
vsacrimonious
  • Offensive
10 9.3

Harsh, angry words that strongly hurt someone

contains anger and harshness rather than deliberate malice
scurrilous
vsacrimonious
  • Offensive
10 9.9

Saying rude and untrue things to hurt someone's reputation

is bitter and harsh generally rather than specifically crude abuse
caustic
vsacrimonious
9 7.4

Being very sharp and unkind in speech or writing

is rooted in angry bitterness rather than only biting sarcasm
acerbic
vsacrimonious
8 8.2

Speech or writing that is harsh and likely to offend people

carries more sustained anger and bitterness than mere sharpness
bellicose
vsacrimonious
  • Formal
7 8.8

Showing a wish to argue or fight

centres on angry bitterness in speech rather than combative posture
truculent
vsacrimonious
  • Formal
3 9.8

Quick to argue or fight and often angry

is more about bitter harshness in words than physical aggression
vituperative
vsacrimonious
  • Offensive
2 9.9

Using very angry and insulting words to attack someone

shows general anger and bitterness rather than personal abuse
pungent
vsacrimonious
2 6.5

Sharp, biting words that can hurt or shock people

is more about overt anger and bitterness than sharpness alone
acrid
vsacrimonious
1 7.5

A harsh, bitter way of speaking that shows anger or criticism

focuses more on angry bitterness than just an unpleasant sharp tone
stinging
vsacrimonious
6.3

Harsh or hurtful in a way that makes someone feel upset

expresses broad anger and harshness rather than focused wounding
mordacious
vsacrimonious
  • Formal
9.9

Very critical and hurtful in speech or writing

leans more on anger and harsh tone than purely cutting wit
venomous-tongued
vsacrimonious
  • Literature
9.4

Saying harsh, mean things that hurt people

is angry and bitter generally rather than primarily spiteful sabotage

Antonyms

773 1.0

Kind and helpful toward other people

585 3.9

Polite but not friendly or warm

20 5.5

Being friendly and not angry or in strong disagreement with someone

Compounds

The end of a marriage when the partners are angry and unfriendly

A bitter, angry argument that causes hard feelings

How Bitter

vitriolic
  • Offensive
10 9.3
acrimonious
9 8.4
bitter
360 2.5
harsh
289 2.8

Surface Forms

acrimonious positive

Morphology

acrimonious = acrimony (transparent) = acrimon + ous

Formed by adding the adjectival suffix '-ous' to 'acrimony', so the meaning 'characterized by acrimony/bitterness' is directly derived.

Etymology

Acrimonious comes from the Latin root acer, which means 'sharp' or 'bitter', the same sharp idea you see in the word acrid. So an acrimonious argument or talk is like a sharp, bitter exchange of words.