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perpendicular

perpendicular

11 5.4
At a right angle to a line or surface
  • adjective
  • /ˌpɜrˈpɛndɪkjələr/
translation icon : perpendicular
  • In geometry class, we learned that two lines are perpendicular if they meet at a right angle.
  • a perpendicular direction
  • perpendicular to an axis
  • perpendicular to a plane

Now, how do we relate those perpendicular distances?

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Examples

  • We pass a barge tied perpendicular to the bank, with machinery and pipe on it.

    Fiction book (1998)
  • When the waves run perpendicular to the mesh, they push the droplets upward, causing them to jump.

  • So our line is perpendicular to this line.

  • But A has a direction perpendicular to the surface.

  • I want this to be as perpendicular as possible.

  • Yes, you move perpendicular to the field.

  • Now I typically have my rose going this way, kind of perpendicular to the length of the bed.

  • If I cut perpendicular to this, I should get a circle.

  • Keep it perpendicular to the ridge.

  • Pressure is a uniformly distributed force applied perpendicular to the skin surface.

    Academic text (1995)

Synonyms

normal
vsperpendicular
  • Specialized
32 7.0

At a right angle to a line or surface

also adds the sense of being exactly upright or vertical
orthogonal
vsperpendicular
  • Specialized
1 8.6

At right angles to each other like two crossing lines

also includes the upright or vertical meaning beyond pure geometry
perp
vsperpendicular
  • Informal
9.8

At a right angle to something

is the full form and carries the upright or vertical meaning too

Antonyms

parallel
  • Specialized
5 3.7

A line or flat surface the same distance from another that never meets it

Compounds

A type of English Gothic building style from the 1300s with tall vertical lines, Tudor arches, and fan-shaped ceilings

How Perpendicular

perpendicular
11 5.4
oblique
5 7.5
tilted
2.5
parallel
  • Specialized
5 3.7

Surface Forms

perpendicular positive
perpendicularer comparative
perpendicularest superlative

Etymology

Perpendicular comes from Latin parts per- 'completely' and pendere 'to hang', and it first named a plumb line, a weight on a string that hangs straight down. So something perpendicular is exactly upright or makes a perfect right angle because a hanging line shows true vertical.