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cataclysm

cataclysm

19 9.2
A sudden violent event that causes great destruction or change
  • noun
  • /ˈkætəˌklɪzəm/
translation icon : cataclismo
  • The earthquake was a devastating cataclysm that destroyed entire neighborhoods.
  • natural cataclysm
  • great cataclysm

But then there was a cataclysm of some kind.

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Examples

  • Oh, usually a natural cataclysm... a freeze, a flood, a big rain.

  • What we have in the case of the Drowned World is a cataclysm that has been going on now for really generations.

  • And you know, interesting art happens usually after a cataclysm or a war.

  • The greatest cataclysm in history.

  • But then came a great cataclysm from outer space.

  • We are the first species smart enough to grasp the cataclysms of the past.

    Academic text (1992)
  • How will we react to potential cataclysms of the future?

    Academic text (1992)
  • We are on the verge of a devastating cataclysm!

  • There has been no lack of imagination in devising models that might explain the cataclysm.

    Academic text (2003)
  • What followed Gromov's exit grew rapidly into a cataclysm for the Soviets and a national disaster for the Afghans.

    Academic text (2001)

Synonyms

disaster
vscataclysm
1.0

A sudden event that causes great damage, loss, or failure

focuses more on violent change and societal impact rather than general loss
tragedy
vscataclysm
915 3.0

A very sad event that causes much suffering and loss

adds an emphasis on sudden violent change and large physical destruction
revolution
vscataclysm
810 4.1

A sudden large change in a country's government or society, often when people rise against leaders

leans more toward violent destruction and natural upheaval rather than just change
catastrophe
vscataclysm
176 7.0

A sudden terrible event that causes great damage and suffering

emphasizes violent change as well as large-scale destruction
apocalypse
vscataclysm
  • Literature
134 8.6

A great disaster that destroys the world, often caused by a divine power

is used for major violent change without necessary religious finality
meltdown
vscataclysm
95 5.8

A sudden total failure that causes serious damage to a system

often implies physical violence and broad societal change beyond mere failure
devastation
vscataclysm
90 4.8

Great destruction that leaves places badly damaged, for example after a war or storm

focuses on the event itself as sudden and violently changing systems
end of the world
vscataclysm
  • Informal
60 3.7

A situation that seems like a disaster but is often not as bad

means an actual sudden violent event causing real large-scale change rather than exaggeration
upheaval
vscataclysm
51 6.9

A sudden big change that causes confusion and problems

adds the sense of sharp destruction beyond disorder alone
calamity
vscataclysm
49 6.7

A terrible event that causes much harm and suffering

stresses violent transformation and broad societal or natural change
holocaust
vscataclysm
  • NSFW
31 9.6

Very large destruction that causes many deaths, often from fire or war

is less limited to human loss or specific causes, and more transformational
earthquake
vscataclysm
18 4.6

A sudden major change that shocks and upsets a group or system

highlights physical or natural violence causing wide destruction as well
eruption
vscataclysm
4 4.3

A sudden violent outburst of feeling or action

is broader, covering violent events that cause major lasting change
convulsion
vscataclysm
  • Literature
3 7.5

A sudden violent disturbance in a country or society

puts more weight on destructive change across nature or society
Armageddon
vscataclysm
1 9.4

A very large battle or event that causes great damage to many people and places

is less about decisive conflict and more about natural or societal violence
doomsday event
vscataclysm
8.6

An event that kills most people or destroys life on Earth

covers sudden violent destruction but not always end-of-humanity scope

Antonyms

646 1.0

A time when countries or groups do not fight

363 3.1

Being steady and not likely to change

How Destructive

cataclysm
19 9.2
catastrophe
176 7.0
disaster
1.0
upheaval
51 6.9
disturbance
45 3.7

Surface Forms

cataclysm singular
cataclysms plural

Morphology

cataclysm = cata + clysm

The parts are Greek combining forms (cata- + -clysm) not familiar standalone English words, so learners cannot reliably derive the meaning from the components.

Etymology

The word cataclysm comes from a Greek word meaning a great 'flood': kata- means 'down' and klysmos means 'a washing' or 'flood'. So a cataclysm is like a huge wash that suddenly destroys or changes everything.