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to vacate

to vacate

15 6.6
Cancel an official decision so it is no longer in effect
  • verb
  • /vəˈkeɪt/
  • Formal
translation icon : anular
  • We therefore grant Grayscales petition for review and vacate the Commissioner's order.
  • vacate the court
  • vacated a decision
  • vacated the judgment

She spoke with Moses Mike on Friday, threatening him with a motion to vacate over the border deal he struck with Democrats.

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Examples

  • The Supreme Court vacated the judgment of the Court of Appeals.

    Academic text (2016)
  • On appeal, a unanimous Second Circuit panel vacated the district court's judgment.

    Academic text (2010)
  • Are all sides in agreement to vacate the conviction?

  • I have a court order here requiring you to vacate these waters.

  • And in any event, Hardy was going to have to get a hearing scheduled to vacate the contempt charge.

    Fiction book (1999)
  • The defendant is ordered released and bond is vacated.

  • And as a result, the United States Court of Appeals vacated Graves conviction.

  • The state courts upheld his resulting death sentence, but the Supreme Court vacated the sentence.

    Academic text (1996)
  • Three years later, a federal Court of Appeals vacated Gordon Hirabayashi's conviction.

    Academic text (2018)
  • The court decided to vacate the previous ruling to ensure justice was served.

Synonyms

to lift
vsto vacate
255 4.2

To officially end a rule or restriction

is about making judgments invalid rather than ending temporary restrictions
to cancel
vsto vacate
224 1.0

To make a ticket, order, or rule no longer valid

is more formal and legally specific, focusing on official judgments and orders
to dismiss
vsto vacate
  • Formal
192 4.1

To end a legal case so the court does not consider it

is used to cancel prior decisions rather than simply rejecting a case
to repeal
vsto vacate
  • Formal
143 4.3

To cancel a law or rule so it no longer applies

is narrower, applying mainly to laws rather than other legal decisions or orders
to overturn
vsto vacate
  • Formal
122 5.6

Officially cancel a decision or law

is comparable but focuses on reversal by a higher body rather than simple annulment
to reverse
vsto vacate
  • Formal
109 4.9

To officially cancel a previous decision, especially by a court

is similar but often highlights changing the outcome rather than removing legal status
to revoke
vsto vacate
  • Formal
96 6.2

Officially stop something from being valid, for example a license

is used to remove authorizations or privileges rather than cancel court judgments
to rescind
vsto vacate
  • Formal
44 7.9

Officially cancel a law, order, or agreement

is broader for ending many official acts, not only court judgments
to nullify
vsto vacate
  • Formal
15 7.2

To make a law or contract have no legal effect

is focused on legal invalidation rather than procedural reversal by authority
to abrogate
vsto vacate
  • Formal
10 8.8

To officially cancel a law, agreement, or right

is similar but stresses formal abolition of rights or laws rather than only voiding judgments
to set aside
vsto vacate
  • Formal
10 7.6

Cancel a court decision so it is no longer valid

is the standard legal action for cancelling judgments rather than other acts
to countermand
vsto vacate
  • Formal
6 9.2

To cancel or reverse an earlier order

is closer to court annulment while this applies mainly to commands and orders
to annul
vsto vacate
  • Formal
6 6.3

Officially say that a law, contract, or marriage is no longer valid

is used for cancelling official decisions while stressing formal declaration
to disannul
vsto vacate
  • Formal
9.3

To cancel an earlier decision that said something was not valid so it becomes valid again

is more commonly expressed with other modern verbs rather than this archaic form

Antonyms

176 4.4

To support and keep a law, decision, or belief in effect

to validate
  • Formal
87 3.9

To make something officially acceptable by showing proof

How Canceled

to vacate
  • Formal
15 6.6
to overturn
  • Formal
122 5.6
to nullify
  • Formal
15 7.2
to invalidate
  • Formal
33 6.1
to appeal
  • Formal
159 5.1
to challenge
  • Formal
552 4.3

Surface Forms

vacate infinitive
vacated past
vacated past participle
vacating present participle
vacates third person singular

Morphology

vacate = vacant (semi-transparent) = vac + ate

The legal sense 'to annul or set aside' is an extension of 'make empty/void' and is somewhat specialized, so it is derivable but less immediately obvious to all learners.

Etymology

The word vacate comes from the same Latin root vac- and vacare, meaning 'to be empty'. So when a court or judge vacates a decision, they make it 'empty' or 'no longer in effect'.