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perennial

perennial

21 5.3
Continuing for a long time and often returning
  • adjective
  • /pəˈrɛn.i.əl/
translation icon : perenne
  • The development of students' thinking has been and will continue to be a perennial objective of social studies educators.
  • perennial issue
  • perennial problem
  • perennial favorite

You could rule or not rule, and there's a perennial problem.

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Examples

  • Then there's the perennial problem of warfare and the terrible dislocations that wars leave in their wake.

  • Questions of race, ethnicity, and religion have been a perennial source of conflict in American education.

    Academic text (1990)
  • But this has been a a perennial problem for for more than a decade now.

  • Yet another perennial problem is the practical side of security policy management and deployment.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Let's talk about something that is a perennial topic, and that is sleep aids specifically.

  • "The liberal arts don't teach greatness, or culture, or insight into the perennial questions."

    Academic text (1999)
  • The logic of Anselm's argument is intellectually satisfying, which perhaps explains its perennial appeal.

    Academic text (1992)
  • Questions of race, ethnicity, and religion have been a perennial source of conflict in American education.

  • Although NPCA has won some significant battles, protecting the parks from perennial threats requires constant effort.

  • Then there's the perennial problem of warfare and the terrible dislocations that wars leave in their wake.

Synonyms

permanent
vsperennial
650 3.2

Continuing for a long time and unlikely to change

is less absolute, covering repeated or long-lasting natural occurrences
long-term
vsperennial
502 3.0

Lasting for a long time

also applies to things that return repeatedly over extended periods
eternal
vsperennial
362 4.3

Lasting forever without end

is more limited, applying to long but possibly recurring events
constant
vsperennial
198 2.5

Happens all the time without stopping

is more about repeated presence over time than strict unceasing continuity
chronic
vsperennial
195 4.7

Lasting a long time and often coming back, usually about illness or problems

is similar but can also mean seasonal or repeated natural occurrences
longtime
vsperennial
190 2.4

Being in a job, role, or relationship for a long time

is broader, also applying to recurring natural or seasonal happenings
lifelong
vsperennial
167 3.5

Lasting for a person's whole life

is broader, applying to recurring or long natural phenomena beyond a lifetime
perpetual
vsperennial
93 5.8

Lasting for a very long time without stopping

is less absolute, allowing for long-term recurrence rather than true never-ending
persistent
vsperennial
82 4.9

Lasting for a long time and not stopping easily

is less about stubbornness and more about regular recurrence or long duration
periodic
vsperennial
47 3.9

Happens again at regular times

is broader, also including irregular long recurrence or steady presence
long-standing
vsperennial
45 4.1

Continuing for a long time

can describe repeated or seasonal return rather than mere long existence
longstanding
vsperennial
39 4.3

Lasting for a long time

also highlights repeated or seasonal recurrence, not only age or duration
continual
vsperennial
39 3.5

Happening again and again with short breaks

allows for longer gaps or seasonal returns rather than just short breaks
everlasting
vsperennial
39 4.5

Lasting forever without end

is milder, implying long return or endurance rather than literal forever
lasting
vsperennial
38 3.1

Continuing to be present or useful for a long time

focuses on both long duration and repeated occurrence rather than only duration
cyclical
vsperennial
28 5.1

Happening again and again at regular times

can be less about fixed cycles and more about general long recurrence
long-lasting
vsperennial
27 3.7

To stay the same or work well for a long time

also allows for repeated returns or seasonal recurrence rather than just steady continuation
sustained
vsperennial
22 3.9

Lasting a long time without stopping or getting weaker

can include repeated occurrences over time as well as uninterrupted duration
ever-present
vsperennial
19 4.4

Something that is always there and hard to ignore

can also mean something that returns often rather than being literally always present
recurrent
vsperennial
12 4.7

Happening again and again, often at regular times

can also describe long endurance across those repeated occurrences
periodical
vsperennial
3 4.4

Happening at regular times

covers regular returns but also non-regular long-lasting recurrence
enduring
vsperennial
1 4.2

Continuing for a long time without fading

extends that idea to things that return or recur over time
continuing
vsperennial
2.8

Happening over a long time and not finished

also covers things that recur periodically rather than only continuous cases
abiding
vsperennial
4.4

Lasting for a long time, often about a feeling or belief

extends that idea to things that return or recur over time
recurring
vsperennial
3.3

Happens again and again over time

includes repeated or seasonal returns but also long continuous presence
repeated
vsperennial
1.0

Happening again and again

emphasizes long overall duration and recurring instances

Antonyms

557 3.0

Lasting for a short time and not permanent

17 8.6

Lasting only a very short time

Compounds

Something many people like for a long time

perennial ryegrass
  • Specialized
6.3

A grass that lives for many years and is used for lawns and to feed animals

9.0

A plant with daisy-like flowers that lives in salt marshes and comes back each year

A discussion that happens again and again over a long time

perennial pea
  • Specialized
7.5

A climbing plant that grows back every year with purple, pink, or white flowers

perennial ragweed
  • Specialized
8.8

A rough plant with spreading roots that lives year after year in dry open land

How Enduring

permanent
650 3.2
perennial
21 5.3
recurring
3.3
temporary
557 3.0
occasional
285 2.8

Surface Forms

perennial positive

Morphology

perennial = perenni + al

The extended meaning 'lasting or recurring for a long time' is related to the core idea of enduring across years, but the internal morphemes are not transparent productive units for an average learner.

Etymology

Perennial comes from the Latin parts per- ('through') and annus ('year'), giving the idea of something that lasts across years, so we call long-lasting or often-returning problems, feelings, or events 'perennial'.