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dependent

dependent

3 3.7
A clause that cannot stand alone and needs another clause
  • adjective
  • /dɪˈpɛndənt/
  • Specialized
translation icon : subordinado
  • An independent clause can stand alone, while a dependent clause needs another clause to complete its meaning.
  • a dependent clause

Examples

  • In English grammar, a dependent clause cannot function as a complete sentence by itself.

  • She explained that a dependent clause relies on an independent clause for context.

  • The use of perceptions as a dependent variable in research is important.

    Academic text (2005)
  • Throughout the 1980s, the leftist and center unions were particularly dependent on foreign funding.

    Academic text (1999)
  • Normally, this survival has been dependent on the regime's ability to distribute economic resources at the domestic level.

    Academic text (1998)
  • The citizens of Japan are keenly aware that their nation's economy is highly dependent on events in faraway regions.

    Academic text (1990)
  • (a) Narrativity is not a fixed and universal type of meaning but a culture-dependent, constantly evolving phenomenon.

    Academic text (1992)

Synonyms

subordinate
vsdependent
  • Specialized
1 5.7

A clause that cannot stand alone and needs a main clause

is the same grammatical concept presented as an alternate label

Antonyms

independent
  • Specialized
43 4.6

A clause that can stand alone as a sentence

Compounds

176 3.2

Needing something else to happen or be true

Something else decides it, for example a condition like the weather

dependent variable
  • Specialized
2 5.3

A value measured in an experiment that changes when you change something else

A brain scan that shows brain activity by measuring changes in blood oxygen

dependent clause
  • Specialized
6.1

A group of words that cannot stand alone and acts like a noun, adjective, or adverb

A long-term disease in which the body cannot make insulin and needs injections to control blood sugar

A long-term illness where the body cannot use sugar properly and is often managed by diet and exercise

A long illness in adults that causes high blood sugar and usually does not need insulin injections

How Independent

free
406 1.0
categorematic
  • Specialized
9.9
dependent
  • Specialized
3 3.7

Surface Forms

dependent positive

Morphology

dependent = depend (transparent) = depend + ent

The grammatical sense ('unable to stand alone') is a direct metaphorical extension of 'relying on', which is inferable from the base.

Etymology

Dependent comes from the Latin parts de- 'down' and pendere 'to hang', which gives the image of one thing hanging on another. So a dependent clause 'hangs on' an independent clause and cannot stand alone as a full sentence.