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to ruminate

to ruminate

10 7.6
To think carefully about something for a long time
  • verb
  • /ˈruːməˌneɪt/
translation icon : rumiar
  • I drove off, ruminating over the conversation, struggling to identify a hollow feeling.

And what it turned into was a chance to ruminate on work.

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Examples

  • After dinner that night, I was ruminating on Mr. Fred's loneliness when the phone rang.

    Fiction book (2000)
  • I have to study things, ruminate, and decide.

    Fiction book (2000)
  • And what it turned into was a chance to ruminate on work.

  • And then you have to sit down, ruminate and understand that many have said this before.

  • We'll start with it on Wednesday and I'll let you ruminate over this the next couple of days.

  • Why don't the two of you get a flat somewhere together, and you can ruminate on your problems all day?

  • THE PROFESSOR: Together, Solti and I would ruminate over every measure of music.

    Fiction book (1997)
  • Marie would often spend hours ruminating about the day's events and her perceived inadequacies.

    Academic text (2005)
  • Her father's eyes were half-hooded, a distant smile on his face, as if he were ruminating on a chess move.

    Fiction book (1999)
  • After the meeting, I took some time to ruminate on the feedback I received from my colleagues.

Synonyms

to think
vsto ruminate
1.0

To use your mind to consider something carefully

is a narrower form focused on long, deep, careful contemplation
to think about
vsto ruminate
1.0

To give attention to something in your mind

is deeper and more prolonged than general mental attention
to reflect
vsto ruminate
265 3.9

To think carefully about something before making a decision

often involves longer, more rumination-style pondering over time
to contemplate
vsto ruminate
186 4.8

To think deeply about something for a long time

tends to emphasize longer, more sustained mental dwelling
to ponder
vsto ruminate
134 4.3

Think carefully for a long time about something

is often similarly deep but highlights prolonged, repeated thought
to reflect on
vsto ruminate
120 4.0

To think carefully about something and what it means

leans more toward extended, often repeated internal consideration
to meditate
vsto ruminate
104 4.4

To sit quietly and focus your mind to relax or think deeply

is more about extended careful thought, not relaxation or ritual focus
to mull
vsto ruminate
36 4.7

Think carefully for a long time before making a decision

is similar but places stronger weight on prolonged mental revisiting
to muse
vsto ruminate
35 6.1

To think about something carefully for a long time

is more active and repeatedly dwelling on the same thoughts
to mull over
vsto ruminate
19 4.0

To think carefully about something before deciding

is usually more immersive and repeated in the thinking process
to chew on
vsto ruminate
  • Informal
14 3.9

To think carefully about something for a while before deciding

is generally deeper and more sustained than merely testing ideas
to think over
vsto ruminate
8 3.0

To look at something carefully before deciding

involves longer, more repetitive mental processing than that
to chew over
vsto ruminate
  • Informal
3 4.1

To think about or talk about something carefully for a long time

focuses more on long internal chewing rather than discussion
to cogitate
vsto ruminate
  • Formal
3 8.5

To think carefully and deeply about something

is more likely to imply ongoing, longer-lasting mental turning over
to ponder over
vsto ruminate
1 4.1

To think carefully about something for a long time

is usually even more prolonged and deeply focused than that
to excogitate
vsto ruminate
  • Formal
9.9

To think very carefully to find a new idea or solution

is broader, not necessarily aimed specifically at producing solutions

Antonyms

1.0

Choose not to pay attention to someone or something

119 3.9

Ignore something or someone on purpose

How Thoughtful

to brood
28 6.1
to ruminate
10 7.6
to ponder
134 4.3
to reflect
265 3.9
to consider
1.1

Surface Forms

ruminate infinitive
ruminated past
ruminated past participle
ruminating present participle
ruminates third person singular

Morphology

ruminate = rumen (semi-transparent) = rumin + ate

The mental sense ('think deeply') is a metaphorical extension of the literal 'chew the cud' sense; learners who know the literal sense may infer it, but it's not fully transparent to all learners.

Etymology

Ruminate comes from the Latin ruminare, meaning 'to chew the cud', and people use it for thinking because it is like 'chewing' an idea slowly in your mind. So, to ruminate is to think carefully and slowly about something.