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to reprogram

to reprogram

2 7.0
Make a cell change into a different cell type
  • verb
  • /ˌriːˈprəʊɡræm/
  • Specialized
translation icon : reprogramar
  • Caira et al. demonstrated that, similar to an inflammatory process, high cholesterol can stimulate certain cells to reprogram into bone cells in the aortic valve and cartilage cells in the mitral valve.
  • reprogram cells

It's because what we are eating is reprogramming our cells to make fat cells.

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Examples

  • Scientists can then reprogram the cells into new ones to study their behavior.

  • BioTime, though, is developing the processes to reprogram ES and iPS cells to become different adult cell types.

    Blog text (20)
  • And in fact, the, the fat cell is easier to reprogram than the skin cell.

  • It's because what we are eating is reprogramming our cells to make fat cells.

  • Scientists have discovered a way to reprogram human skin cells so that they mimic embryonic stem cells with the potential to become any tissue in the body.

    Blog text (4)
  • Yamanaka's recent and exciting advances demonstrate that it is possible to reprogram cells in adult human tissues into cells that very closely resemble, but may not be identical to, ES cells.

    Blog text (30)
  • In November, we witnessed a landmark achievement when scientists discovered a way to reprogram adult skin cells to act like embryonic stem cells.

  • To reprogram adult cells, scientists expose them to four genetically engineered viruses.

Synonyms

to transform
vsto reprogram
  • Specialized
13 7.3

Make a bacterium have new genes by adding DNA from another cell

alters gene expression internally to convert the cell into a different type

How Transformed

to reprogram
  • Specialized
2 7.0
to convert
65 3.7
to dedifferentiate
  • Specialized
9.9
to upregulate
  • Specialized
1 8.1
to stimulate
236 3.7

Surface Forms

reprogram infinitive
reprogrammed past participle
reprogramming present participle
reprograms third person singular

Morphology

reprogram = program (semi-transparent) = re + program

Formally transparent (re- + program) but the biological sense (changing gene expression) is a technical metaphor requiring domain knowledge.

Etymology

Reprogram is built from re- 'again' and program 'a plan or set of instructions'. In science, to reprogram a cell is to change its internal instructions so it becomes a different type of cell.