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penurious

penurious

1 9.9
Very poor and unable to pay for basic needs
  • adjective
  • /pəˈnjʊəriəs/
  • Formal
translation icon : pobre
  • In 1931, when Fred Rice advertised "to get in touch with some invalid who is not improving and who would like to go into the woods," he was personally in penurious circumstances, and there existed in the village a tension between what Rice termed the "pleasure seekers" and the "health interests" of the community (The Time Has Come).
  • lived in penurious

Examples

  • Since then, father and son have lived in penurious exile in Dublin.

    Fiction book (1999)
  • Success of the MFF series has been achieved, especially recently, under penurious circumstances.

    Academic text (1996)
  • Elwes recovered physically from the ordeal, but his mental state, already declining due to his penurious lifestyle and advancing age, got worse.

    Blog text (7)
  • Hopefully he'll pass some of the savings to his talented but penurious students (and maybe even to those whose playing may be ugly—you never

    Blog text (11)
  • The departure of US troops and planes from remote Kyrgyzstan will not be missed, except for the hole it leaves in the already penurious Kyrgyz government's budget and foreign currency reserves.

    Blog text (9)
  • After losing his job, he found himself living in a penurious state, struggling to afford even basic necessities.

  • Many families in the village are penurious, often having to rely on donations for food and clothing.

  • The artist's work was produced in a penurious environment, where he had to make do with limited resources and materials.

Synonyms

poor
vspenurious
1.0

Having little money or possessions

is stronger, specifying lack of funds for basic survival
impoverished
vspenurious
50 6.2

People or places that have very little money and few things they need

highlights inability to meet basic needs rather than general lack
needy
vspenurious
43 1.5

Without enough food, clothes, or a home and often gets help from others

is more severe, stressing inability to afford essential items
penniless
vspenurious
24 4.3

Having no money

emphasizes severe poverty related to affording essential items
indigent
vspenurious
  • Formal
22 8.7

Very poor and without enough money for basic needs

focuses more on not affording core daily needs
destitute
vspenurious
20 6.5

Very poor and without basic things like food or a home

is similar but stresses inability to pay everyday essentials
hard up
vspenurious
  • Informal
10 8.0

Having very little money and struggling to pay bills

expresses a harsher lack that prevents meeting basic needs
poverty-stricken
vspenurious
9 5.1

Very poor and needing help to live

is extreme poverty emphasizing inability to pay basic needs
hand-to-mouth
vspenurious
  • Informal
1 6.8

To live with only enough money to pay for basic needs and no savings

is more extreme, covering lack of money for basic survival
stone-broke
vspenurious
  • Informal
1 8.6

Having no money at all

focuses more on inability to pay for necessities
impecunious
vspenurious
1 9.9

Having little or no money

is equally about extreme lack but focuses on paying basics
stony-broke
vspenurious
  • Informal
1 9.3

With no money at all

describes the same lack but highlights missing basics explicitly
poor as a church mouse
vspenurious
  • Informal
1 7.6

Having almost no money

is a formal term noting failure to pay basic necessities
necessitous
vspenurious
  • Literature
9.9

Poor and without enough food, money or shelter

stresses failure to pay for essentials specifically
moneyless
vspenurious
5.7

Having no money to pay for things

points to the same extreme lack but stresses basic needs
in straitened circumstances
vspenurious
  • Formal
8.6

A person who has little money and cannot buy basic things

matches this but implies particularly severe lack of essentials
pinched
vspenurious
6.5

A person who has little money to pay basic costs

is more extreme, indicating total inability to pay necessities
beggarly
vspenurious
8.1

Very poor and living with almost no money

focuses more clinically on not affording essential needs
poor as a rat
vspenurious
  • Informal
8.3

Having almost no money or things

is a serious label for lacking money for essentials

Antonyms

83 4.1

Doing well and having a lot of money

1 6.0

A person who has a lot of money

How Poor

penurious
  • Formal
1 9.9
impoverished
50 6.2
poor
194 1.3
comfortable
107 2.9
well-off
33 3.4

Surface Forms

penurious positive
penuriouser comparative
penuriousest superlative

Morphology

penurious = penury (transparent) = penury + ous

Direct adjectival formation from the noun 'penury' yielding 'characterized by penury' (poor).

Etymology

Penurious comes from the Latin word penuria, meaning 'lack' or 'shortage', and shares the same root as the English word penury. So, to be penurious can mean to be very poor and not have enough money for basic needs.