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penalty

penalty

160 2.9
A sum of money you must pay for breaking a contract
  • noun
  • /ˈpɛnəlti/
translation icon : penalización
  • He was surprised to learn that the penalty for late payment included both interest and a fee.
  • monetary penalty
  • pay a penalty
  • impose a penalty

It was paid back plus penalty plus interest.

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Examples

  • That's the penalty for defaulting on our side of the rental agreement.

  • The penalty for lateness.

  • I mean, with penalty and interest, it could cost you plenty.

  • I'll pay a penalty charge.

  • According to oral history, death was the penalty for failure in this important trial.

    Academic text (1994)
  • ...leaves me absolutely no choice but to levy the maximum penalty.

  • And his burden to pay the penalty.

  • And I'm willing to pay the penalty.

  • His dear wife Hester took some money out of her savings account and had to pay a substantial penalty for early withdrawal.

  • Transactional notice noncompliance triggers a $5 penalty for each failure, with relief available for cause.

    Academic text (2017)

Synonyms

sanction
vspenalty
  • Formal
577 6.1

Official punishment or restriction by an authority

is a money charge tied to contract breaches rather than broad official restrictions
forfeit
vspenalty
12 5.5

A thing you lose or must give up as a penalty

is a money charge demanded for failing an agreement not a lost object
forfeiture
vspenalty
  • Specialized
10 8.0

Losing property, such as money or a house, as a penalty for doing something wrong

is a money charge for contract breach rather than loss of property or rights
heavy fine
vspenalty
1 3.7

An amount of money a person or company must pay as punishment for breaking a law

is a required money amount for contract breaches not specifically large
amercement
vspenalty
  • Archaic
9.9

A fine a court orders when the judge chooses the amount

is a money charge set by contract terms rather than by court decision

Antonyms

328 1.3

To give something to someone to thank them for doing something good

Compounds

305 4.1

A legal punishment in which a person is killed for a very serious crime

6 3.3

A small area in ice hockey where a player sits to serve time after a penalty

A shot taken from the foul line after a foul by the other team

How Large

heavy fine
1 3.7
penalty
160 2.9
fine
321 2.8
fee
729 1.0

Surface Forms

penalty singular
penalties plural

Morphology

penalty = penal (transparent) = penal + ty

The noun is a regular derivation from the adjective 'penal' meaning 'relating to punishment', so the sense 'a punishment or fine' follows directly.

Etymology

Penalty comes from the Latin word poena, which means 'punishment', and it shares the same root as English penal. So in a contract a penalty is a 'punishment' in money that you must pay if you do not keep your agreement.