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off-and-on

off-and-on

3 3.8
Happening sometimes and stopping at other times
  • adjective
  • /ˈɔf ənd ˈɑn/
translation icon : intermitente
  • She has been studying French off and on for the past year, picking it up whenever she has free time.
  • an off-and-on relationship
  • an off-and-on thing
  • years of off-and-on

Examples

  • Off and on all day, I'd worried over it like a sore tooth, but couldn't put it to rest.

    Fiction book (1990)
  • From all their subsequent interactions, it does seem Joan and Roger had been off-and-on for most of her time at SC.

    Blog text (25)
  • I worked for Rosie... off and on about a year.

  • I have been having off-and-on bleeding for about a year and a half.

    Blog text (1)
  • After seven years of off-and-on negotiations, the two sides reached an agreement on 30 June 1994.

    Academic text (1996)
  • I went through four years of off-and-on academics and this trade, eventually deciding to go to college.

    Blog text (7)
  • Those off-and-on studies had brought her within a year of a bachelor's degree.

    Academic text (1995)
  • He said Leo had been around for years, and they had an off-and-on relationship that resurrected itself whenever they were both at a loose end.

    Fiction book (1996)
  • I go jogging off and on; sometimes I run every day, and other times I take weeks off.

  • The project has seen off-and-on progress due to various delays and interruptions.

Synonyms

on and off
vsoff-and-on
73 2.0

Happens sometimes but not regularly

describes alternating active and inactive periods rather than simple occasional events
sporadic
vsoff-and-on
35 7.0

Happening sometimes and in different places

refers specifically to intermittent timing rather than scattered locations or places
intermittent
vsoff-and-on
35 6.5

Happening sometimes but not all the time

is a hyphenated phrase meaning stopping and starting at irregular times
off and on
vsoff-and-on
30 2.5

Happens sometimes but not regularly

focuses on repeated stopping and starting over time rather than mere occasionality
intermittently
vsoff-and-on
15 6.0

In a way that stops and starts at irregular times

is a hyphenated phrase describing that same intermittent stopping and starting
sporadically
vsoff-and-on
13 6.5

Happening only sometimes and not regularly

focuses on alternating activity and inactivity rather than occasional occurrence alone
fitful
vsoff-and-on
7 5.8

Happening in short, irregular bursts that start and stop

describes intermittent stopping and starting more generally, not focused on bursts
episodic
vsoff-and-on
3 7.1

Happening only sometimes and not regularly

describes repeated stopping and starting over time rather than isolated rare events
spasmodically
vsoff-and-on
1 8.6

Happens at irregular times in short, sudden bursts

expresses intermittent stopping and starting but not necessarily sudden, sharp bursts
by fits and starts
vsoff-and-on
  • Informal
1 7.4

Happens at irregular times, starting and stopping

means the same intermittent pattern but without stressing short uneven bursts
interrupted
vsoff-and-on
3.4

Happening with short pauses that stop and start again

refers to repeated intermittent stopping and starting rather than a single temporary stop
nonperiodic
vsoff-and-on
7.6

Happening at irregular times

describes actual stopping and starting events rather than only absence of a schedule

Antonyms

360 2.7

Stays the same over time

141 3.7

Without a break or gap, for example in a curve

How Continuous

continuous
141 3.7
regular
870 1.0
off-and-on
3 3.8
sporadic
35 7.0
rare
582 4.1

Surface Forms

off-and-on positive
off and on positive

Morphology

off-and-on = (transparent) = off + on

The meaning directly reflects alternation between 'off' and 'on', so learners who know those words can infer 'intermittent'. [Postprocessing: moved 'off', 'on' from base_words to prefix]

Etymology

Off-and-on comes from the simple words off and on, like a light switch that goes 'off' meaning 'stop' and 'on' meaning 'start'. So it describes something that happens sometimes and then stops, happening again at other times.