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off and on

off and on

30 2.5
Happens sometimes but not regularly
  • idiom
translation icon : de vez en cuando
  • I have been working on that project off and on for several months.

I've been listening to the show off and on for a while now.

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Examples

  • And so we dated off and on at at Stanford.

  • Me and her, we've been together off and on since we were kids.

  • I kept in touch with her off and on over the next few years.

  • Mm, off and on for the past couple of days.

  • Not steady, just off and on.

  • Off and on, but mostly on.

  • I've been listening to the show off and on for a while now.

  • No, no, I've been seeing someone off and on, but nothing serious.

  • Jay and Debbie have been sleeping together off and on for about a year.

    Fiction book (1993)
  • Becca was watching an afternoon soap opera she'd seen off and on since she was a kid.

    Fiction book (2001)

Synonyms

sometimes
vsoff and on
1.0

On some occasions but not always

is the same idea framed as an informal phrase
at times
vsoff and on
451 1.0

Happens sometimes but not often

is the same intermittent idea used in casual speech
occasionally
vsoff and on
438 2.0

Happens sometimes but not often

is the same occasional timing expressed as a phrase
once in a while
vsoff and on
427 1.6

Sometimes, but not very often

shares occasional timing but implies more regular occurrence
now and then
vsoff and on
  • Informal
285 1.0

Happens sometimes but not very often

shares the same meaning but is a common two-word phrase
from time to time
vsoff and on
267 1.4

Happens sometimes but not regularly

is the same general idea but in a common spoken form
every now and then
vsoff and on
137 2.0

Sometimes, not very often

conveys the same occasionality but with a longer colloquial form
on occasion
vsoff and on
79 1.7

It happens sometimes but not very often

means the same occasional idea but in a more formal tone
on and off
vsoff and on
73 2.0

Happens sometimes but not regularly

expresses the same intermittent occurrence in everyday speech
now and again
vsoff and on
  • Informal
54 2.3

Happens sometimes but not very often

expresses the same sporadic occurrence in a slightly different phrasing
off-and-on
vsoff and on
3 3.8

Happening sometimes and stopping at other times

means the same intermittent action but without written hyphenation

Antonyms

386 1.0

Often at the same or fixed times

95 2.3

Happens without stopping or pausing

How Often

periodic
47 3.9
off and on
30 2.5
occasionally
438 2.0
seldom
122 1.7

Surface Forms

off and on positive
off-and-on positive

Morphology

off + and + on

The phrase literally juxtaposes the opposites 'off' and 'on', which signals alternating states; a learner who knows 'off' and 'on' can readily infer that something happens intermittently or from time to time. This compositional pattern (alternating on/off = intermittency) is cross-linguistically common and follows transparent logic, so it should be accessible to a B1 learner.

Etymology

Off and on may come from the image of a light or machine being switched off and on, so it only works sometimes. That's why the phrase means 'from time to time' or 'happening occasionally'.