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information

information

79 7.9
How much a message reduces your surprise about an outcome
  • noun
  • /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/
  • Specialized
translation icon : información
  • Scientists analyze the information gathered from experiments to draw accurate conclusions.
  • transmit information
  • transmission of information
  • encode information

But failure is the most information rich data stream on planet Earth.

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Examples

  • - Look at this wealth of information.

  • A crucial part of this process is effectively encoding information in a graphic form.

    Academic text (2008)
  • And so that becomes how much information is enough to go on.

  • Being wrong is the most information rich data stream there is.

  • Every particle contains all the information of the whole.

  • Quantum mechanics does not allow you to send information faster than the speed of light.

  • Now imagine the rate of processed information suddenly increasing to two bits per unit.

    Academic text (2011)
  • The present study yields useful information regarding semantic development in bilingual children with LI.

    Academic text (2012)
  • In communication theory, information is defined as a measure of uncertainty associated with an outcome.

  • The speed at which information travels is limited by the speed of light in any medium.

Synonyms

entropy
vsinformation
  • Specialized
2 9.0

How hard it is to predict which message will appear in a set

is about the surprise of one outcome rather than average uncertainty
information measure
vsinformation
  • Specialized
7.1

A way to show how much uncertainty is in data or messages

is a numeric value for the surprise of one outcome rather than a method

Idioms

You use it when telling someone something they may not know, often politely or to show they were wrong

Compounds

25 3.5

The use of computers and networks to store, find and send data

Secret facts not known to the public that give an advantage

12 4.6

Secret facts about an enemy or danger that governments use

information system
  • Specialized
9 3.3

A set of tools and rules that help people in a company collect, store, and share records

A time since the late 1900s when computers and digital communication are common

6 4.2

A large electronic network like the internet that moves information quickly

Collecting facts or data for a specific purpose

Secret company facts not public that people often use illegally to make money in the stock market

3 4.0

Methods for collecting, storing, and using data with computers

information warfare
  • Specialized
2 6.7

To use information and computers to gain an advantage in war or politics

low-information
  • Offensive
1 7.3

Someone who has little factual knowledge and follows simple slogans rather than facts

information theory
  • Specialized
1 4.9

Study of how to measure, store, and send information with little loss

1 4.6

A computer program that stores, analyzes, and shows maps and data about places

information science
  • Specialized
1 3.8

The study of how people collect, organize, store, and find information using computers

A person or place that gives a lot of useful information

Data from studies about customers and markets that guide how a business sells or advertises products

1 4.0

A machine like a computer that stores and uses data

1 4.6

A program that helps you record and organize contacts, calendars, and tasks

A part of the U.S. military that runs and protects computer and communication systems for top leaders

A U.S. Department of Defense center that collects and shares scientific and technical reports with government agencies and contractors

A computer system or database that gives information online

A code using seven bits to represent letters, numbers, and simple control characters so computers can share text

Giving few useful details that help people decide

A source that gives little reliable information

Information that arrives slowly in small pieces instead of all at once

information audit
  • Specialized
5.1

A check of how a company finds, stores, and uses information to make it better

A short message giving the latest updates about a subject or organization

information measure
  • Specialized
7.1

A way to show how much uncertainty is in data or messages

6.8

A document sent to the tax office that reports financial transactions without calculating tax owed

A U.S. government agency that gives access to scientific and technical government reports

To carefully check facts and sources to make sure the information is true and reliable

A large confusing mix of facts or details that is hard to understand

How Informative

entropy
  • Specialized
2 9.0
information
  • Specialized
79 7.9
surprisal
8.4
uncertainty
296 4.0
certainty
  • Literature
202 3.4

Surface Forms

information singular
informations plural

Morphology

information = inform (semi-transparent) = inform + ation

Formally derived from 'inform' but the technical, quantitative meaning in information theory is specialized and not directly inferable from the everyday verb.

Etymology

Information was taken by scientists to mean how much a message reduces 'surprise' or 'uncertainty'. Remember the Latin root informare ('to give form'): information is what 'forms' a clearer picture in your mind, so more information means less surprise.