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to come by

to come by

127 3.2
Get something, often by luck or after effort
  • phrasal verb
  • /kʌm baɪ/
translation icon : conseguir
  • Justification was therefore easy to come by for the U.S. public.
  • hard to come by
  • difficult to come by
  • easy to come by

That reflex of fear, guilt, shame, we come by it honestly, right?

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Examples

  • Since apartments are so hard to come by these days, I figured I better take the first place to come along.

  • My understanding is that parts are somewhat hard to come by and they're not reliable.

  • But I know a lot of great things have come by just following my feelings on it.

  • Good jobs are hard to come by, and you know this is a good job.

    Academic text (1992)
  • I had a young Yale freshman come by asking me to donate here in New Haven.

  • That reflex of fear, guilt, shame, we come by it honestly, right?

  • Exact numbers are hard to come by because Western censuses rarely ask respondents about their faith.

    Academic text (2005)
  • If you don't stay on top of your stuff, somebody else will come by and gobble you up.

  • Thelma asked me to come by, check the heart-pacing machine.

  • It's not easy to come by a reliable source of information these days.

Synonyms

to obtain
vsto come by
619 2.6

To get something by asking or working for it

often happens by accident or with difficulty rather than by planned effort
to come across
vsto come by
244 2.6

To find something or someone by chance

involves actually acquiring something often with difficulty or by chance
to come into
vsto come by
105 3.9

To receive money or property unexpectedly, often after someone dies

is more about actively acquiring with difficulty or by accident
to get one's hands on
vsto come by
77 4.1

To obtain something that is hard to find or buy

often occurs by chance rather than by effort
to come upon
vsto come by
50 2.2

To find something or someone by chance

involves actually acquiring something often with difficulty or by chance

Antonyms

1.1

Fail to understand or follow what someone says

How Difficult

to procure
45 6.8
to obtain
619 2.6
to come by
127 3.2
to find
1.0
to get
1.0

Surface Forms

come by infinitive
came by past
come by past participle
coming by present participle
comes by third person singular

Morphology

come + by

The sense 'to visit informally' is transparently derived from 'come' (move toward/arrive) plus 'by' (pass near or stop briefly): together they literally convey coming by someone's place. This motion+particle composition is common cross-linguistically and follows standard English phrasal-verb patterns, so a B1 learner who knows both constituents would likely infer the meaning.

Etymology

Come by may come from the image of a rare thing that comes by your market or house; when it passes near you you can grab it. That's why come by means 'to get' something, often by chance or when it is hard to find.