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penitentiary

penitentiary

73 7.9
A prison for people found guilty of serious crimes
  • noun
  • /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəri/
  • US
translation icon : penitenciaría
  • Do you know anyone at the Kansas State Penitentiary?
  • prisoners in penitentiaries
  • a state penitentiary
  • a federal penitentiary

He went to prison and he escaped a federal penitentiary in the state of Alabama, fled the country.

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Examples

  • He'd also spent time in Iowa State Penitentiary on a charge of armed robbery.

    Fiction book (2001)
  • Ray served seven years in the Missouri State Penitentiary for armed robbery.

    Academic text (2010)
  • Five years in the state penitentiary at Sing Sing.

  • You want to spend the next 20 years in a federal penitentiary, starting tonight?

  • "Of course you know he ended up in the penitentiary for killing a man.

    Fiction book (1998)
  • Is it worth going back to the penitentiary, Chuck?

  • You actually want to go to Rossmore Penitentiary?

  • Anyone who commits a murder on the theory that it does exist... ...has just bought himself room and board in the state penitentiary, maybe for life.

  • He was sentenced to three years in the penitentiary of Leavenworth.

  • He was sentenced to ten years in the federal penitentiary for drug trafficking.

Synonyms

prison
vspenitentiary
1.0

A building where people are kept as punishment or while waiting for trial

is specifically for those convicted of the most serious crimes
pen
vspenitentiary
  • Slang
42 9.4

An informal word for prison where people serve time

is the formal official term for that type of facility
jailhouse
vspenitentiary
42 4.1

A building where police keep people who are waiting for trial or serving a sentence

is for long-term confinement of serious convicted offenders rather than short detentions
state prison
vspenitentiary
  • US
27 4.3

A prison run by a state government for people found guilty of serious crimes

is the general term for such a facility not tied to state operation
correctional facility
vspenitentiary
  • Formal
10 4.2

A building like a prison where people are kept as punishment and given training

focuses on punishment for serious convicted offenders rather than rehabilitation
correctional institution
vspenitentiary
  • Formal
2 4.9

A place where people who broke the law are kept as punishment or while they wait for trial

is aimed at convicted serious cases rather than general confinement or pretrial holding
penal institution
vspenitentiary
  • Formal
1 6.3

A place like a prison where people are kept as punishment for crimes

stresses punishment for serious convicted criminals rather than short detention
correctional center
vspenitentiary
  • Formal
1 4.1

A place where people found guilty of crimes are kept and given help to change their behaviour

highlights custody for serious convicted offenders more than reform programs
prison house
vspenitentiary
1 4.6

A building where people are held as punishment or while waiting for trial

is used for facilities holding serious convicted offenders rather than temporary detention
penal facility
vspenitentiary
  • Formal
1 6.0

A building that holds people as punishment for crimes to protect the public

focuses on confinement for serious convicted offenders rather than safety alone

Antonyms

1.0

The right to act, speak, or think as you want without being stopped

How Secure

supermax
  • Specialized
12 7.9
penitentiary
  • US
73 7.9
prison
1.0
jail
1.0
detention centre
  • UK
36 4.6

Surface Forms

penitentiary singular

Morphology

penitentiary = penitence (semi-transparent) = penitence + ary

The word is formed from 'penitence' + the suffix '-ary', but the specialized institutional sense 'prison' is a later semantic development that is not fully predictable from the base by an average learner.

Etymology

Penitentiary comes from the Latin word paenitentia 'repentance' and is related to the English word penitent. Think of it as a place where people were sent to 'feel sorry' and change their ways, which is why today a penitentiary means a prison for people convicted of serious crimes.