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exotoxin

exotoxin

8.8
A poison some bacteria make and send out from their cells
  • noun
  • /ˌɛksoʊˈtɑksɪn/
  • Specialized
translation icon : exotoxina
  • "Exotoxins" are not just present in a few foods; they are present in virtually all processed foods.

Examples

  • We have done a fair amount of work with guinea pig models, and we have found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its exotoxin.

    Academic text (2005)
  • Inactivation of endotoxins and exotoxins

    Academic text (2017)
  • Food additives contain a group of compounds commonly referred to as "exotoxins," which slow and destroy cognitive development in the brain.

    Blog text (17)
  • Look, for example, at the presence of Pseudomonas exotoxin A in the inner ear, which has been shown to have lasting deleterious effects on the inner ear.

    Academic text (2005)
  • Staphylococcus aureus produces an exotoxin that can lead to severe food poisoning.

  • The exotoxin released by the bacteria can cause serious harm to human cells.

  • Scientists are studying how exotoxins affect the human immune response during infections.

Synonyms

toxin
vsexotoxin
  • Specialized
140 5.3

A poisonous substance that some animals, plants, or bacteria make

is limited to poisons released by microorganisms, not by plants or animals
biotoxin
vsexotoxin
  • Specialized
3 7.9

A poisonous substance made by a living thing like a plant, animal, or germ

is narrower and only poisons released by microorganisms into surroundings
poisonous substance
vsexotoxin
1 4.4

Something that can cause serious harm or death when swallowed, touched and breathed

is specifically produced and released by microorganisms
bacterial toxin
vsexotoxin
  • Specialized
1 3.9

A poisonous substance made by bacteria that they release or keep inside their cells

is released into the surrounding environment rather than staying inside cells
toxicant
vsexotoxin
  • Specialized
1 9.5

A poisonous substance that can harm people and animals

is a natural secreted microbial poison rather than any harmful chemical

Antonyms

endotoxin
  • Specialized
1 8.8

A poison some bacteria release when they die

Surface Forms

exotoxin singular
exotoxins plural

Morphology

exotoxin = toxin (semi-transparent) = exo + toxin + exo

Formally composed of the productive prefix 'exo-' (outside) + 'toxin', but the term is technical and 'exo-' is not widely known by general learners.

Etymology

Exotoxin comes from the parts exo- 'outside' and toxin 'poison', and you can see toxin in the familiar word toxic. So an exotoxin is a poison that some bacteria release 'outside' into their environment, where it can make people sick.