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virulency

virulency

9.9
Very strong, bitter speech or writing that tries to hurt someone
  • noun
  • /ˈvɪrələnsē/
translation icon : virulencia
  • The virulency of her remarks left everyone in the room stunned and uncomfortable.

Examples

  • Historians noted the virulency of the pamphlet's attack on the king.

  • He was shocked by the virulency of the debate, which quickly turned personal.

  • The virulency of his comments shocked everyone.

  • Her virulency towards the opposing team was evident.

  • The virulency of the criticism he faced after the scandal made him reconsider his position.

  • Everyone could feel the virulency of the discourse as the argument became more intense and personal.

  • The article was highlighted for its virulency, as it contained harsh criticisms of the government's policies.

Synonyms

hostility
vsvirulency
147 4.7

Unfriendly or angry actions and feelings toward someone

is more intense including extreme harm and bitter attitude
bitterness
vsvirulency
75 3.4

A strong feeling of anger and hurt toward someone

adds active hostility and harmfulness to that bitter feeling
animosity
vsvirulency
57 6.1

Strong angry feeling toward a person or group

is broader adding harmfulness and biting bitterness to hostility
vitriol
vsvirulency
  • Offensive
27 9.5

Bitter, angry language that attacks people

is broader including extreme hostility in attitude or harmful actions
viciousness
vsvirulency
10 6.3

Being very cruel and violent toward other people or animals

covers cruelty but also includes bitter hostile attitude not only violence
meanness
vsvirulency
9 5.4

Being unkind on purpose to other people

is broader emphasising extreme harm and bitter cruelty beyond plain unkindness
malevolence
vsvirulency
8 8.8

A feeling of wanting to harm other people

is similar but also highlights bitter or hostile tone not just wish
bitchiness
vsvirulency
  • Offensive
3 8.5

A way of behaving that is mean and hurtful to other people

is harsher overall including extreme hostility beyond petty criticism
maliciousness
vsvirulency
2 7.5

A wish to hurt or make other people suffer

is broader covering extreme hostility beyond just wanting harm
hatefulness
vsvirulency
2 5.9

Strong feelings of dislike and anger toward people or things

adds a bitter hostile quality and potential to harm beyond hatred
vituperation
vsvirulency
  • Offensive
1 9.9

People say very angry insulting words to attack someone

covers verbal harshness but the key also spans hostile actions
cattiness
vsvirulency
1 8.1

Saying small mean things to hurt someone in a quiet way

is more openly extreme adding clear harmfulness and bitter hostility
virulence
vsvirulency
1 9.2

Very strong, hurtful words or actions toward someone

is the same broad quality of extreme hostility harm and bitterness
acerbity
vsvirulency
1 9.8

A sharp, bitter way of speaking that hurts people

is wider adding active harm or extreme hostility beyond tone
spitefulness
vsvirulency
1 7.4

A wish to hurt, upset, or annoy other people

is more intensely harmful and bitter rather than petty annoyance
ungentleness
vsvirulency
1 8.2

A harsh, unkind way of speaking or acting

is stronger adding bitter hostility and intent to harm beyond harshness
orneriness
vsvirulency
  • Informal
1 9.9

Being easily annoyed, stubborn, and hard to get along with

is more extreme adding active harmfulness and bitter hostility
malevolency
vsvirulency
9.8

A feeling of wanting to harm other people

focuses more on the overall extreme hostile quality not only intent
acridity
vsvirulency
9.4

A harsh tone in speech or writing that hurts people

includes that bitterness but also implies harmful hostility and action
acridness
vsvirulency
8.4

A sharp, bitter way of speaking that hurts people

extends that harshness to extreme hostility and harmful intent
meanspiritedness
vsvirulency
  • Offensive
7.9

Being unkind and cruel to other people on purpose

is stronger adding extreme hostility and wider harmfulness to pettiness
uncharitableness
vsvirulency
8.6

A lack of kindness or willingness to help others

is more intense adding active hostility and bitter harmful intent
ill nature
vsvirulency
7.7

A habit of being angry and unpleasant to others

is more extreme implying active harmful hostility and bitterness
brutishness
vsvirulency
  • Offensive
7.8

Being cruel and showing little kindness

is broader also covering bitter attitude and malicious intent

Antonyms

297 1.0

Friendly and generous actions that help or comfort other people

19 1.3

A kind, calm way of treating people or animals

How Hostile

virulency
9.9
hostility
147 4.7
bitterness
75 3.4
resentment
172 4.2
dislike
  • Texting
49 1.0

Surface Forms

virulency singular
virulencies plural

Morphology

virulency = virulence (transparent) = virul + ency

Spelling variant of 'virulence' used in a figurative sense; the meaning (quality of being virulent/hostile) is straightforwardly derived from the adjective 'virulent'.

Etymology

Virulency comes from the Latin word virus, which means 'poison', and is related to the word virulent, meaning very harmful or hostile. So when used about speech or actions, virulency describes how 'poisonous' or very bitter and harmful they are.