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summons

summons

32 7.5
An official paper that orders someone to appear in court
  • noun
  • /ˈsʌmənz/
  • Formal
: citación
  • So if you're an adult and you jump a turnstile, you should get arrested or at least a summons, right?
  • receive a summons
  • issue a summons
  • jury summons

We can we use trespass summonses for that kind of control.

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Examples

Synonyms

subpoena
vssummons
  • Formal
208 9.1

A written order from a court telling someone to go to court or bring papers

covers any official order to appear, not only witness attendance
process
vssummons
  • Formal
168 8.3

A court document that orders someone to appear in a civil case

is a general appearance order, not tied only to civil defendant roles
citation
vssummons
  • Formal
32 6.4

An official paper ordering someone to appear in court

is the general official order requiring appearance across legal situations
subpoena duces tecum
vssummons
  • Formal
1 9.9

A court order telling someone to come and bring certain documents

is focused on appearance alone, not the duty to produce documents
subpoena ad testificandum
vssummons
  • Formal
9.9

A court order telling a person to go to court and testify as a witness

is the broader order for appearance, not limited to testimony
process of monition
vssummons
  • UK
9.9

A formal notice given after a claim asking people to explain why the court should not enter judgment against them

is the simpler official order for appearing, without the post-claim timing
monition
vssummons
  • UK
9.9

A formal court order telling people to appear and explain their side

is the general legal order used across courts, not limited by domain

Antonyms

∞ 1.8

To let someone or something go free from being held

to discharge
  • Formal
100 4.4

Officially release someone from a duty, job, or responsibility

How Official

to mandate
  • Formal
169 4.9
summons
  • Formal
32 7.5
recall
  • Formal
9 5.1
order
∞ 3.0
request
∞ 1.0

Surface Forms

summons singular
summonses plural

Morphology

summons = summon (semi-transparent) = summon + s

The legal noun is clearly related to the verb 'summon' ('call to appear'), but the document sense is a specialized lexicalized extension rather than a fully regular everyday formation.

Etymology

Summons comes from an old Latin verb made of sub- 'under' and monere 'to warn or call', so it originally meant a formal 'calling'. That's why a summons is an official order that tells you to appear in court.