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substrate

substrate

9.6
A local language that gives words or sounds to a more powerful language
  • noun
  • /ˈsʌbˌstreɪt/
  • Specialized
translation icon : sustrato
  • These expressions of vernacular art not only promote community pride, cooperation, and stability but also signal the presence of a particular ethnic substrate within the larger urban center (Ford and Griffin 1981; Hayden 1997).

Is it from the substrate languages like the Gaulish?

Examples

  • Perhaps Theravada Buddhism developed its comparably strong identity because it was working over a fairly regularized Hindu substrate.

    Blog text (7)
  • As Richard Lewontin pointed out, his work pretty much gave Darwin its essential substrate which had been lacking.

    Blog text (4)
  • Is it from the substrate languages like the Gaulish?

  • Then you understand better what the proverb means through the African substrate or ancestry.

  • The ground, then, is ungrounded; as Iain Hamilton Grant puts it, "there is no 'primal layer of the world,' no 'ultimate substrate' or substance on which everything ultimately rests."

    Academic text (2016)
  • As Cathy Caruth writes, accidental survival is the psychic substrate of the traumatic experience because, in its randomness, it "resists simple comprehension."

    Academic text (2016)
  • This journal takes into account the transhistorical substrates that subsume behavioral, affective, and cognitive functioning of persons of African descent, as well as those who educate or clinically serve this population.

    Academic text (2016)
  • When the oral tale derives from a culture that has been overwhelmed, such as West Africa under French political hegemony, a member of the substrate who wishes partially to preserve it will seek to justify to members of the dominant culture the enduring importance of the surviving remnants of the submerged culture.

    Academic text (1995)
  • The influence of the indigenous substrate can be seen in the local dialect of the region.

  • Scholars often study how a substrate language affects the grammar of the dominant tongue.

Synonyms

indigenous language
vssubstrate
1 6.5

A language spoken by the first people of a place

is the specific case where that native tongue leaves features in an imposed language
substratum
vssubstrate
  • Specialized
9.9

An older local language that leaves words or sounds in a newer language

is used when the native community shifts to the invaders' speech and contributes features

How Influential

superstratum
  • Specialized
9.9
substrate
  • Specialized
9.6

Surface Forms

substrate singular
substrates plural

Morphology

substrate = stratum (semi-transparent) = sub + stratum

The linguistic sense (an underlying language influencing another) is a metaphorical extension of 'under layer' and is technical, so it is only partly predictable.

Etymology

Substrate comes from the Latin parts sub- 'under' and stratum 'layer', so it can mean something 'under' a new thing. In language a substrate is the older local language that lies under a new language and leaves some words or sounds behind.