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to speculate

to speculate

254 4.8
To think about possible reasons or outcomes when there are not enough facts
  • verb
  • /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪt/
translation icon : especular
  • "It's very difficult to speculate why discrimination against Asian American students is happening," he said.
  • speculate about the future
  • speculate about the reason
  • speculate about the cause

So people have speculated about what that function might be.

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Examples

  • Several theoretical frameworks have been used to speculate why females have left coaching.

    Academic text (1990)
  • Entomologists speculate that millions of undiscovered species exist in the forests...

  • Do I report or speculate about what really happened?

  • At present, we can only speculate about the causes of this effect.

    Academic text (2011)
  • I think it's a little too early to speculate at this stage about the motive.

  • Instead, historians must speculate based on the remaining evidence and draw their own conclusions.

    Academic text (2008)
  • However, by leaving, people could only speculate; they could not say definitively that I would have failed.

    Academic text (2008)
  • China might follow one of these paths, some speculate, or blaze its own.

    Academic text (2008)
  • Some informants have speculated that jealousy or financial differences are a primary issue.

    Academic text (2013)
  • The scientists can only speculate about the results until they conduct more tests.

Synonyms

to suppose
vsto speculate
2.7

To think something is true without clear proof

is about exploring possible explanations or outcomes lacking full facts
to assume
vsto speculate
3.2

Think something is true without proof

is about exploring possibilities rather than accepting them as true
to guess
vsto speculate
1.0

To form an opinion or estimate without enough information

considers possible explanations without complete factual support
to suspect
vsto speculate
925 3.6

To think something is likely true without definite proof

considers possible explanations or outcomes rather than asserting likelihood
to imagine
vsto speculate
795 1.5

To think something is true without clear proof

focuses on proposing explanations or outcomes without full facts
to presume
vsto speculate
89 4.9

To show that something is likely true because of evidence

is about guessing explanations often without having all the facts
to theorize
vsto speculate
39 6.1

Form an idea to explain why something happens with little proof

is broader, about guessing explanations rather than building theories
to surmise
vsto speculate
33 7.6

To guess that something is true without enough evidence

is about thinking of possible outcomes often without all facts
to hypothesize
vsto speculate
  • US
22 7.2

To suggest an idea about why something happens that can be tested

is more general, used for thinking or guessing without full facts
to conjecture
vsto speculate
7 7.6

To form an opinion without enough proof

focuses on possible explanations often without full facts
to hypothecate
vsto speculate
  • Formal
9.9

Suggest a possible explanation without strong evidence

is about thinking of possible outcomes often lacking full facts

Antonyms

1.0

To have information about something

1.8

To show that something is true by giving evidence

How Certain

to conclude
428 3.1
to hypothesize
  • US
22 7.2
to speculate
254 4.8
to suppose
2.7
guess
768 1.0

Surface Forms

speculate infinitive
speculated past
speculated past participle
speculating present participle
speculates third person singular

Morphology

speculate = specul + ate

The root 'specul' is a Latinate combining form not a standalone English word, and the verb-forming suffix '-ate' is not transparently meaningful to an average B1 learner, so the meaning cannot be reliably derived from the parts.

Etymology

Speculate comes from the Latin root spec- meaning 'to look', the same root in spectator and inspect. So to speculate is like 'looking' at ideas or possibilities in your mind, which is why it means guessing or thinking about what might be true.