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perturbation

perturbation

1 7.9
A strong feeling of worry or nervousness
  • noun
  • /pərˌtərˈbeɪʃən/
  • Formal
translation icon : inquietud
  • Then, to her profound perturbation, the man proceeded to set up camp.

We are not in the busy perturbations, the ups and downs instantly in which we are thinking.

Examples

  • The child's perturbation was evident as she waited anxiously for her parents to return home.

  • Indeed, all disquiet, horror and perturbation follows her.

  • Here, now in great perturbation, Macbeth has determined to revisit the Weird Sisters the next day.

    Academic text (1997)
  • Mrs. Mildmay faltered, convinced that Lady Basingstoke's complaint was more serious than a mere perturbation of the spirit.

    Fiction book (1999)
  • In San Francisco, Chicago, and New York, for example, the phenomenon of homelessness caused by mental perturbations is widespread: many people are simply abandoned by society without receiving medical treatment and care.

    Academic text (2017)
  • Novice readers often approach such texts with perturbation, and are just as often surprised when these alien texts pull them in, not in spite of the style, but because of the style and the investment such a style requires.

    Academic text (2001)
  • I passed each day in the austere study, arranging my chilled face into composure one day and perturbation the next, as I sat there, sometimes with my chin in my hand and sometimes not.

    Fiction book (2001)
  • Pages later, Evelina writes, "All my perturbation returned at the sight of him! … on my side was all the consciousness, for by him, I really believe, the letter was, at that moment, entirely forgotten" (231).

    Academic text (2018)
  • She felt a sense of perturbation when she heard the unexpected news about her friend's health.

  • His constant perturbation about the upcoming exam made it difficult for him to focus on studying.

Synonyms

upset
vsperturbation
20 1.8

A time of feeling sad or worried

emphasizes worry and anxious feelings rather than general unhappiness
disturbance
vsperturbation
  • Specialized
18 4.1

A problem that makes someone feel worried or emotionally upset

focuses specifically on worry and anxious mental state
mental disturbance
vsperturbation
  • Specialized
1 6.1

A problem in a person's mind that affects thinking or feeling

refers more to everyday worry and anxiety not clinical disorder
fluster
vsperturbation
1 4.9

A short time of nervous confusion that makes you forget things

refers to a more sustained worried and anxious mental state rather than brief confusion
perturbance
vsperturbation
8.2

A feeling of worry or upset that makes you restless

is the same meaning but differs in written form
unsettlement
vsperturbation
6.1

A feeling of being worried and not calm

describes anxious worrying and mental disturbance rather than mere unease

Antonyms

48 4.4

A calm, peaceful feeling without worry

9 2.7

A state without strong feelings or worry in your mind

How Disturbed

panic
394 2.7
turmoil
138 4.8
perturbation
  • Formal
1 7.9
agitation
12 5.1
unease
19 4.4
disquiet
4 7.4

Surface Forms

perturbation singular
perturbations plural

Morphology

perturbation = perturb (transparent) = perturb + ation

The noun is formed by the standard verb -> noun suffix '-ation', yielding the state or result of being perturbed.

Etymology

Perturbation comes from the Latin root turbare ('to disturb'), the same root you find in turbulent, giving the image of being shaken or upset. So a perturbation can mean a state of being worried or mentally disturbed.