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indebtedness

indebtedness

1 6.6
A feeling of thanks for someone's help that makes you feel you owe them
  • noun
  • /ɪnˈdɛb.tɪd.nəs/
translation icon : deuda de gratitud
  • The author's work reflects a strong sense of indebtedness to the writers who inspired him throughout his career.
  • acknowledge indebtedness

And thus it is forgotten that what is duty must also be indebtedness.

Examples

  • However, we must include in our study of his works his indebtedness to and affinity with Russian literature and culture.

    Academic text (1992)
  • I wish also to acknowledge my indebtedness to Marlene Mayo, Gavan McCormack, and Mark Seiden.

    Academic text (2003)
  • I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to them.

    Academic text (1990)
  • More important, of course, is Saudi Arabia's deep indebtedness to the United States.

    Academic text (1994)
  • Their function was to make Marchetti aware of his indebtedness to Resta and his network of friends who had contributed to the albums.

    Academic text (1997)
  • Yet even this departure from Hobbes displays Rousseau's indebtedness to him.

    Academic text (1997)
  • To many Africans, there is a sense of indebtedness to Haiti because Haiti has been an advocate for Africa.

    Blog text (11)
  • I gratefully acknowledge indebtedness to Joseph Klaits, whose ideas I paraphrase here.

    Academic text (2001)
  • Virtually all postwar GARIOA and Fulbright grantees returned to Japan with a deep feeling of moral indebtedness toward the U.S. people.

    Academic text (1993)
  • He expressed his deep indebtedness to his mentor for the invaluable guidance he received during his studies.

Synonyms

debt
vsindebtedness
2.6

An amount of money that you owe to someone

is about owing someone specifically because they did a service or favor
obligation
vsindebtedness
524 3.2

A duty you feel to do something because it is right or someone helped you

is the specific state after a service or favor rather than any duty
debt of gratitude
vsindebtedness
16 3.6

A feeling of thanks that makes you want to repay someone who helped you

is a more neutral state of owing someone after they provide a service
financial obligation
vsindebtedness
4 4.5

An amount of money someone must pay to another person or company

is the general personal duty after a service or favor, not a legal money claim

Antonyms

608 3.0

Freedom from control by others, for example when a country is free or a person supports themselves

Being able to meet your own needs without help from others

Compounds

8.6

A written paper that shows a person owes money and promises to pay it back

How Indebted

debt
2.6
obligation
524 3.2
indebtedness
1 6.6
gratitude
240 2.7

Surface Forms

indebtedness singular

Morphology

indebtedness = indebted (semi-transparent) = in + debt + ed + ness

Formally derived from the adjective 'indebted' by adding '-ness', but the sense of social obligation/gratitude is a metaphorical extension from monetary 'debt' and may not be fully predictable for learners.

Etymology

Indebtedness for the feeling of obligation comes from the idea of being in someone's debt, where debt means 'what you owe'. Think of it as owing someone thanks or a favor, so you feel you should repay them.