incumbent
1
8.1
- adjective
- /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/
- Specialized
:
situado sobre
- I take that back; they offer a way for incumbent carriers to file seemingly endless lawsuits concerning the ownership of Virgin America.
Examples
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However, despite this incumbent massive migration, there is no urban planning project on the country's agenda, leaving one big question still to be answered: what should this territory, with its new urban quality, be like?
Blog text (31) -
In fact, those ESPs that had signed up customers on such products were obliged by economic realities to return them to the incumbent utilities and pay the penalty for breach of contract.
Academic text (2001) -
RE: "It was incumbent upon American Jews to stop this madness.
Blog text (12) -
Incumbent inertia will help them.
Blog text (21) -
Our everyday business lives are filled with incumbent systems, procedures, and tools that simply don't work.
Blog text (24) -
Alternatively, Arizona could use Johnson as a trade chip to provide a team with a replacement for their incumbent third baseman.
Blog text (30) -
That capability never existed before, and as a result, the delta of the new experience vs. the incumbent experience (dialing restaurants one by one) is extremely high.
Blog text (3) -
"We are at an important moment in the evolution of the network," said Cyan President Michael Hatfield. "For years, service providers and other network operators have been searching for ways to break free of expensive and restrictive legacy architectures mandated by incumbent equipment suppliers."
Blog text (19) -
Hermann Pottmeyer has drawn attention to the errors incumbent on approaches to the documents of Vatican II that engage in selective interpretation, without the requisite regard for the council's historical context and the transitional character that resulted from its effort to achieve consensus between a progressive majority and a conservative minority.
Academic text (2002) -
In geology, the incumbent layer of soil rests directly above the bedrock, providing key information about the area's history.
Synonyms
Lying down and resting on a surface like a bed or the ground
Idioms
Compounds
Surface Forms
Morphology
incumbent = in + cumb + ent
This literal sense ('lying or resting on') corresponds to the original morphemic meaning, but because the components are not productive or familiar in modern English, it is only partially transparent to learners.
Etymology
Incumbent comes from Latin parts in- 'on' and cumbere 'to lie', so it originally meant 'lying on top'. That's why in science a layer or object that lies on another is called incumbent.