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in vain

in vain

108 3.7
Without success despite trying to do something
  • idiom
  • /ɪn veɪn/
translation icon : en vano
  • I sincerely hope the Senate makes the right vote tomorrow, so that Alex Murphy's sacrifices will not have been in vain.
  • try in vain
  • look in vain
  • search in vain

For neither do men live nor die in vain.

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Examples

  • Do you guys ever feel like some of it's in vain because of that?

  • Don't let their deaths be in vain.

  • Your death will not be in vain!

  • Please, Mr. Lee, if you do this, everything will be in vain.

  • And more of our brothers have died in vain.

  • Every evening, I try in vain to throw it out of my mind.

    Fiction book (1992)
  • At any rate, it would be in vain because it does not reveal anything.

    Fiction book (1994)
  • Many are unaware of the coming changes, while those who are attempt in vain to prevent them.

    Academic text (1999)
  • Robin and the others try in vain to lift the portcullis.

    Fiction book (1991)
  • The team worked tirelessly, but their efforts were in vain as they lost the championship.

Synonyms

unsuccessfully
vsin vain
31 3.0

In a way that does not get the result you wanted

is the idiomatic phrase used similarly to state lack of success
vainly
vsin vain
5 5.5

In a way that does not succeed

is the general expression for not achieving the intended result
uselessly
vsin vain
4 3.5

In a way that does not help or make any difference

describes lack of success without stressing absence of usefulness
futilely
vsin vain
3 7.4

In a way that does not make a difference

notes failure to achieve aims rather than uselessness of effort
ineffectively
vsin vain
3 4.0

In a way that does not get the result you want

states failure in achieving the intended result in general terms
fruitlessly
vsin vain
2 6.0

In a way that does not succeed

focuses on failing to achieve the desired result not usefulness
to little avail
vsin vain
  • Archaic
1 7.4

With little success and no real result

means almost no success rather than complete failure
unproductively
vsin vain
1 6.7

In a way that fails to get useful results

focuses on low output or efficiency rather than outright failure
unavailingly
vsin vain
8.0

Without success when someone tries to do something

expresses lack of success in a more familiar, idiomatic way
abortively
vsin vain
7.9

In a way that fails to reach the goal

describes lack of success without suggesting early stopping
inefficaciously
vsin vain
9.9

In a way that does not work or help

means the same failure but without formal or technical wording

Antonyms

1.6

You have achieved what you wanted

How Successful

successfully
350 1.8
in vain
108 3.7

Surface Forms

in vain positive

Morphology

in + vain

The phrase is directly compositional: 'in' + 'vain' (futile) yields 'in a futile/fruitless manner', i.e. 'without success'. This follows a regular adjective-to-adverbial prepositional pattern and would be predictable to a B1 learner who knows both constituent meanings.

Etymology

In vain comes from the old idea of vain meaning 'empty'. Imagine pouring water into a bucket with a hole so nothing stays. That image of doing something into emptiness shows why in vain means 'without success'.