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in vain

in vain

104 3.7
Without success despite trying to do something
  • idiom
  • /ɪn veɪn/
: en vano
  • I sincerely hope the Senate makes the right vote tomorrow, so that Alex Murphy's sacrifices will not have been in vain.
  • try in vain
  • look in vain
  • search in vain

For neither do men live nor die in vain.

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Examples

  • Do you guys ever feel like some of it's in vain because of that?

  • Don't let their deaths be in vain.

  • Your death will not be in vain!

  • Please, Mr. Lee, if you do this, everything will be in vain.

  • And more of our brothers have died in vain.

  • Every evening, I try in vain to throw it out of my mind.

    Fiction book (1992)
  • At any rate, it would be in vain because it does not reveal anything.

    Fiction book (1994)
  • Many are unaware of the coming changes, while those who are attempt in vain to prevent them.

    Academic text (1999)
  • Robin and the others try in vain to lift the portcullis.

    Fiction book (1991)
  • The team worked tirelessly, but their efforts were in vain as they lost the championship.

Synonyms

unsuccessfully
vsin vain
30 3.0

In a way that does not get the result you wanted

is the idiomatic phrase used similarly to state lack of success
vainly
vsin vain
5 5.5

In a way that does not succeed

is the general expression for not achieving the intended result
uselessly
vsin vain
4 3.5

In a way that does not help or make any difference

describes lack of success without stressing absence of usefulness
futilely
vsin vain
3 7.4

In a way that does not make a difference

notes failure to achieve aims rather than uselessness of effort
ineffectively
vsin vain
2 4.0

In a way that does not get the result you want

states failure in achieving the intended result in general terms
fruitlessly
vsin vain
2 6.0

In a way that does not succeed

focuses on failing to achieve the desired result not usefulness
to little avail
vsin vain
  • Archaic
1 7.4

With little success and no real result

means almost no success rather than complete failure
unproductively
vsin vain
1 6.7

In a way that fails to get useful results

focuses on low output or efficiency rather than outright failure
unavailingly
vsin vain
1 8.0

Without success when someone tries to do something

expresses lack of success in a more familiar, idiomatic way
abortively
vsin vain
1 7.9

In a way that fails to reach the goal

describes lack of success without suggesting early stopping
inefficaciously
vsin vain
9.9

In a way that does not work or help

means the same failure but without formal or technical wording

Antonyms

∞ 1.6

You have achieved what you wanted

How Successful

successfully
337 1.8
in vain
104 3.7

Surface Forms

in vain positive

Morphology

in + vain

The phrase is directly compositional: 'in' + 'vain' (futile) yields 'in a futile/fruitless manner', i.e. 'without success'. This follows a regular adjective-to-adverbial prepositional pattern and would be predictable to a B1 learner who knows both constituent meanings.

Etymology

In vain comes from the old idea of vain meaning 'empty'. Imagine pouring water into a bucket with a hole so nothing stays. That image of doing something into emptiness shows why in vain means 'without success'.