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to encumber

to encumber

9 7.6
To make it difficult for someone or something to act
  • verb
  • /ɪnˈkʌm.bɚ/
translation icon : cargar
  • About three-quarters of the respondents expressed the opinion that politics should not be encumbered by the influence of religion.
  • encumbered landowners
  • encumbered property
  • less encumbered

Examples

  • Some species, like macaques, briefly totter on two legs when encumbered with an awkwardly shaped load.

    Academic text (1995)
  • Furthermore, urban expansion has encumbered agrarian families' abilities to fully provision their households.

    Academic text (2017)
  • Or should we encourage young people holding down jobs that encumber their academic schedules?

    Academic text (2012)
  • Let's not get encumbered by detail.

  • John was skeptical and reluctant to encumber what little freedom he had left.

    Fiction book (1993)
  • Family members may feel encumbered by obligations to their extended families.

    Academic text (2008)
  • We should ask instead what he will attempt to establish once he has become less encumbered by the inherited issues.

    Academic text (2010)
  • Whenever snowfall levels are high, wolves are extremely efficient predators of moose, which are encumbered by deep snow.

    Academic text (2003)
  • The hikers were encumbered by their heavy backpacks, making it difficult to climb the steep trail.

  • She felt encumbered by her responsibilities, which prevented her from enjoying her free time.

Synonyms

to block
vsto encumber
3.0

To stop movement, access, or progress

is broader, including weighing someone down to impede action as well
to obstruct
vsto encumber
119 5.1

To block a path or view

often blocks similarly but also includes adding burden that slows action
to restrain
vsto encumber
86 4.6

Hold a person or thing so it cannot move freely

includes that control but emphasizes added weight that hinders action
to burden
vsto encumber
77 3.7

To give someone a heavy load or a difficult task

focuses on physical or practical weight that stops movement or action
to hinder
vsto encumber
75 3.6

To make it difficult for people or things to do something

emphasizes actual weight or restriction that directly impedes movement or action
to constrain
vsto encumber
64 5.6

To limit what someone can do or how they can act

is about adding weight or hindrance that directly slows movement or action
to hamper
vsto encumber
47 4.2

To make it harder for someone or something to move forward

adds a heavier burden that not only obstructs but weighs down action
to impede
vsto encumber
35 6.5

To slow the progress or movement of people and things

adds a burdening restriction that not only delays but limits movement
to shackle
vsto encumber
35 6.2

To restrain someone with chains or limit their freedom

includes such confinement but also nonphysical burdens that impede action
blocking
vsto encumber
18 3.4

Stopping a player from moving by standing in front of them

also prevents action but frequently through burdening weight rather than simple obstruction
to tie down
vsto encumber
17 4.7

To limit someone's freedom because they have responsibilities

is more physical or practical, adding weight that directly slows movement
to hobble
vsto encumber
14 5.7

To limit the progress or success of something

is more about adding a weight or burden that makes tasks harder to do
to box in
vsto encumber
8 4.7

To stop a person or thing from moving, acting freely and making choices

is similar but emphasizes added burdens that slow movement, not just enclosure
confining
vsto encumber
1 5.6

That limits someone's freedom or ability to move

also restricts but emphasizes added weight that blocks movement rather than just limits space
to hamstring
vsto encumber
1 7.9

To make a person or group unable to act effectively

acts similarly but usually by adding burdens that directly impede movement
constricting
vsto encumber
1 6.5

Causes people to feel limited and unable to act freely

is broader, adding burdens that physically or practically prevent action
to hedge
vsto encumber
1 6.4

To limit someone by creating boundaries or rules

adds a burdening restriction that particularly stops or slows movement
to enchain
vsto encumber
  • Archaic
1 9.5

To tie someone with chains or hold them under close control

is broader, covering burdens that slow movement without needing physical fastening
to bind hand and foot
vsto encumber
  • Informal
1 8.0

To stop someone completely from acting freely

is similar but often means adding a burden that makes action hard rather than total immobilization
constraining
vsto encumber
1 6.3

Makes someone or something unable to act freely

focuses more on physical or practical weight that impedes movement
to load down
vsto encumber
  • Informal
1 4.2

To make someone or something carry too many heavy things

is a general term for adding weight or restriction that impedes action
to cumber
vsto encumber
  • Archaic
9.9

To make movement or progress difficult by being a burden

adds weight or restriction that specifically slows action or movement
to enfetter
vsto encumber
  • Archaic
9.9

To limit someone's freedom or creativity

is more general, adding physical or heavy limits that block movement
immobilizing
vsto encumber
6.1

An action that stops a person or thing from moving

is similar but can be less absolute, adding burdens that slow rather than stop movement
hindering
vsto encumber
5.9

Causing delay or blocking progress

adds a burdening restriction that targets movement rather than timing only
to tramell
vsto encumber
  • UK
9.9

To hold back or make it hard for someone to act freely

includes entanglement but more often means adding weight that impedes movement
tethering
vsto encumber
6.3

Holding someone back so they cannot grow or act freely

is more specific about adding a hindering weight that blocks action
to burthen
vsto encumber
  • Archaic
9.9

To weigh down with a heavy load or worry

is the modern general term for adding weight that blocks movement
impeding
vsto encumber
5.7

Making movement or progress slower and more difficult

is broader, adding burdens that specifically slow or stop action

Antonyms

104 4.3

Set someone free from prison or unfair control

6 4.9

To remove a heavy load from someone, physical or emotional, often by talking

How Burdened

to overburden
12 5.9
to encumber
9 7.6
to hamper
47 4.2
to hinder
75 3.6

Surface Forms

encumber infinitive
encumbered past
encumbered past participle
encumbering present participle
encumbers third person singular

Morphology

encumber = cumber (semi-transparent) = en + cumber

Formally transparent as 'en-' + 'cumber', but 'cumber' is rare/archaic so learners may not recognise the base and derive the meaning easily.

Etymology

Encumber comes from the prefix en- and the old word cumber; en- means 'to make' and cumber meant 'to weigh down' or 'block the way', which you also see in cumbersome ('heavy and awkward'). So, to encumber someone is to 'burden' them or make movement or action difficult.