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to afflict

to afflict

71 6.0
Cause pain or trouble to people, animals and places
  • verb
  • /əˈflɪkt/
translation icon : afligir
  • She was afflicted by frequent headaches that disrupted her daily life.
  • afflict people
  • be afflicted with disease
  • problems afflict people

It is a disease slash Organism that afflicts rats.

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Examples

  • And that chronic breathing problems are a massive issue afflicting millions of people.

  • An enlarged prostate afflicts millions of men around the world.

  • Because it's a, it's a problem that afflicts a lot of large organizations, private and public.

  • Is it afflicting professional schools and graduate schools?

  • Alcohol dependence may also afflict many members of the extended family.

    Academic text (1992)
  • There is a tragic disease that afflicts the men of his village in Austria.

  • I have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be afflicted with Alzheimer's disease.

  • Two people challenged with the same medicine, or afflicted with the same ailment, will often react quite differently.

    Academic text (2011)
  • The story of the Tlas family is illustrative of the turmoil afflicting Syria today.

    Academic text (2013)
  • Anti-Islamism is today the most open and virulent form of bigotry that afflicts Western societies.

    Academic text (1992)

Synonyms

to plague
vsto afflict
121 5.6

To cause constant trouble and suffering to people and things

is the broader term for causing pain without stressing duration
to torment
vsto afflict
  • NSFW
107 7.2

To cause someone to feel great physical or mental pain

is the general act of causing pain or suffering rather than only severe cases
to trouble
vsto afflict
99 4.8

To make someone feel sick or have pain in the body

is the general act of causing pain or distress rather than making ill
to distress
vsto afflict
32 4.1

Cause someone to feel pain, worry or serious problems

is the broader act of causing pain or suffering in many ways
to ail
vsto afflict
23 4.6

To cause pain, trouble, or illness to someone

focuses on causing harm beyond illness, not limited to sickness
to smite
vsto afflict
  • Archaic
11 9.9

Cause great pain or suffering to someone, often as punishment

is the general act of causing harm without the punitive or supernatural force
to pain
vsto afflict
9 1.1

To make someone feel physical hurt

is the general act of causing hurt not limited to bodily issues
to anguish
vsto afflict
4 7.3

To cause someone to feel very strong pain or worry

is a general cause of pain or distress without emotional emphasis
to aggrieve
vsto afflict
  • Literature
1 8.9

To cause someone pain or deep sadness

is the general act of causing pain or distress, not only sorrow

Antonyms

481 1.2

To become healthy again after an injury, illness, or emotional pain

172 1.0

To make someone feel less upset or in pain

How Harmful

to devastate
221 4.9
to afflict
71 6.0
to injure
53 1.6
to hurt
1.0
to trouble
174 1.8
to bother
1.0

Surface Forms

afflict infinitive
afflicted past
afflicted past participle
afflicting present participle
afflicts third person singular

Morphology

afflict = af + flict

The apparent prefix 'af-' and root 'flict' are not productive English morphemes for learners (the root 'flict' is not a standalone modern English word), so the form does not transparently convey the meaning 'cause suffering'.

Etymology

Afflict comes from Latin parts ad- 'to' and fligere 'to strike', and it is related to the English word inflict. So to afflict someone is like 'striking' them with pain or trouble, which explains its meaning of causing suffering or distress.