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Glite Dictionary
orthologous

orthologous

1 9.9
Genes or body parts in different species that come from a common ancestor
  • adjective
  • /ˌɔrˈθɑl.ə.gəs/
  • Specialized
translation icon : ortólogo
  • Orthologous sequences were defined and grouped in orthogroups across the nine species by OrthoFinder with default settings (Emms and Kelly 2015).
  • orthologous genes
  • orthologous to mammalian
  • orthologous and paralogous

Examples

  • Research indicates that orthologous genes between different plant species can help us understand evolutionary relationships.

  • The greatest number of conserved AS events are found in orthologous genes between grasses (Figure 2).

    Academic text (2017)

  • Each event is present in two or more orthologous genes, and thus distributes across 19,235 genes (Table 1; Materials and Methods).

    Academic text (2017)

  • Conserved AS events identified by this process were clustered, and each cluster may contain conserved AS events identified between orthologous genes across species (1:1) as well as between paralogs.

    Academic text (2017)

  • This family of proteins is orthologous to large repetitive RTX domain-containing proteins found in Pseudomonas putida, which mediate biofilm development 55.

    Academic text (2018)

  • Paralogous genes are not homologues, so inferences from analyses containing a mixture of orthologous and paralogous copies will yield spurious taxon relationships.

    Academic text (2010)

  • We have thus been able to use a draft genome assembly to identify a locus by mapping by sequencing. The O. tipulae cov-3 locus is orthologous to C. elegans mig-13.

    Academic text (2017)

  • Scientists discovered that the gene orthologous in humans is orthologous to the gene DEF1 in mice, revealing their shared ancestry.

  • To study evolution, researchers compare orthologous genes from various species to trace their genetic similarities.

Synonyms

homologous
vsorthologous
  • Specialized
2 7.7

Having the same basic structure and origin, often in body parts like arms and wings

is limited to genes or features in different species from a common ancestor
homological
vsorthologous
  • Specialized
1 9.9

Coming from the same ancestor even if they have different functions

focuses specifically on genes or features inherited across species
homologic
vsorthologous
  • Specialized
9.9

Body parts that come from the same ancestor, even if they do different things

applies instead to genes or features shared by different species from an ancestor

Surface Forms

orthologous positive

Morphology

orthologous = ortholog (opaque) = ortholog + ous

Although formed by a standard suffixation ('ortholog' + '-ous'), the base 'ortholog' and combining elements are highly technical/Greek-derived and not inferable by an average B1 learner.

Etymology

Orthologous comes from Greek parts ortho- meaning 'straight' or 'correct' and -logous from logos meaning 'relation' or 'study', and you can see ortho- in orthodox and the same root in logic. So, orthologous describes genes or parts in different species that are 'correctly related' because they come from the same ancestor.