gauge boson
- noun
- /ɡeɪdʒ ˈboʊzɒn/
- Specialized
:
bosón de gauge
- NSNS sector gauge bosons correspond to worldsheet conserved currents, with OPEs corresponding to the Kac-Moody algebra.
Examples
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W bosons are the gauge bosons of the weak interactions.
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The four electroweak gauge bosons have each been individually observed and are four distinct particles.
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Namely the gauge bosons should have zero mass.
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Instead we'll be talking about these massive gauge bosons, multiple Z bosons.
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There are these gauge bosons, the analogs of photons.
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The gauge boson masses are taken from 72, while their widths are obtained from state-of-the-art calculations.
Academic text (2018) -
Stated alternately, we assume that there cannot be any weakly coupled gauge bosons at the quantum gravity scale. 16 Basic argument
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In its most minimal form, the conjecture states that in any theory of quantum gravity with a massless gauge boson, there is a charged particle with a charge-to-mass ratio greater than or equal to that of a large semiclassical extremal black hole.
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These particles are of three distinct types: leptons (e.g., electron), quarks (e.g., strange), and "gauge bosons" (e.g., photon).
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The W and Z gauge boson are responsible for mediating the weak nuclear force.
Synonyms
15
9.6
A very small particle that can be in the same state as others, like a photon or the Higgs
Surface Forms
Morphology
gauge + boson
This is a technical physics term: although 'boson' denotes a particle, 'gauge' here has a specialized meaning (relating to gauge symmetry and the way forces are mediated) that is not the everyday sense of 'measure' or 'scale'. A B1 learner who only knows the general meanings of the constituents would not be able to derive that this refers to force‑mediating particles, so the expression is not transparently interpretable.
Etymology
The term gauge boson combines gauge, a word for a tool or rule for 'measuring', and boson, a group of particles named after the scientist Bose. Physicists used 'gauge' to mean a special rule about how forces work, so a gauge boson is a particle that follows those rules and carries a force between other particles.