cosmic background radiation
- noun
- /ˈkɒzmɪk ˈbækɡraʊnd ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən/
- Specialized
- The cosmic background radiation is nearly uniform across the sky (left).
Examples
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The history of the cosmic background radiation, in a nutshell, is worth keeping in mind here.
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It turned out to be the cosmic background radiation, the strongest evidence for the Big Bang—a discovery that earned Penzias and Wilson the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics (above).
Academic text (1996) -
The cosmic background radiation is uniform in temperature.
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That's when the cosmic background radiation formed.
Academic text (2005) -
Some 380,000 years after the Big Bang, the universal fog lifted and the cosmic background radiation was set free.
Academic text (2003) -
The temperature of the cosmic background radiation should vary slightly from one direction to another, depending on how the density of matter and energy varied from place to place when the fog first cleared.
Academic text (2005) -
The only light present before the epoch of recombination was the cosmic background radiation, a universal radiation permeating every nook and cranny.
Academic text (2004) -
So if, while we were watching, the intelligent inhabitants of a galaxy far, far away were measuring the temperature of the cosmic background radiation for themselves, they should get a temperature somewhat higher than 2.7 degrees Kelvin because they are living in a younger, smaller, hotter universe.
Academic text (2003) -
The cosmic background radiation is uniform in temperature across the vastness of space.
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Evidence of the cosmic background radiation supports the theory of the Big Bang.
Synonyms
Faint light from the early universe that we see across the sky at a very low temperature
Faint microwaves left from the early universe that fill space
Faint light left over from the early universe that fills the sky
A faint microwave glow left from the early universe that fills space nearly evenly
A faint, very old light left from the Big Bang that fills the universe
Surface Forms
Morphology
cosmic + background + radiation
The phrase is compositionally built from 'cosmic' (relating to the universe) + 'background' (ambient/behind or pervasive) + 'radiation' (emitted energy), so a learner who knows those words can infer it refers to pervasive radiation coming from the cosmos. This noun-noun compound follows regular English composition and similar patterns exist cross-linguistically, making the overall meaning predictable to a B1 learner.
Etymology
Cosmic background radiation comes from the idea of a faint 'afterglow' left by the Big Bang, like a weak, steady heat that fills the whole sky after a great event. That's why the term refers to the very weak radiation found everywhere in space and helps scientists see how the universe began.