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refractoriness

refractoriness

9.9
Refusal to follow rules or orders
  • noun
  • /rɪˈfræktərɪnəs/
  • Formal
translation icon : refractariedad
  • "In his eyes, they suffered from refractoriness and indifference."

Examples

  • The dog's refractoriness to obey commands frustrated its owner, who had tried various training techniques.

  • We believe that the low rate of refractoriness observed in our study (10%) is due to the use of single-donor platelets rather than to the lower number of transfusions.

    Academic text (1992)
  • Women are deficient in intelligence. The majority of the inhabitants of Hell are women, those wives whose refractoriness ye fear; exhort them, and avoid them in beds, and beat them; and even Muhammad's favorite wife stated...

    Blog text (21)
  • The teacher struggled with the students' refractoriness, finding it hard to maintain discipline in the classroom.

  • His refractoriness during the meeting made it difficult for the team to reach a consensus on the project.

Synonyms

obstinacy
vsrefractoriness
3 7.6

Refusing to change your mind or actions even when others ask you to

is less about simple stubbornness and more about resisting external control
inflexibility
vsrefractoriness
3 6.9

Refusing to change ideas or plans

highlights resisting management or control rather than mere lack of flexibility
recalcitrance
vsrefractoriness
  • Formal
2 8.8

Refusal to obey rules or cooperate with people in charge

applies more broadly to resistant or unmanageable behavior beyond authority conflicts
fractiousness
vsrefractoriness
1 9.9

A tendency to be easily annoyed and hard to control

places stress on deliberate resistance rather than on mere irritability or mood
unmanageableness
vsrefractoriness
9.6

A situation or thing that people cannot control

is about active resistant behavior rather than only the general state
intractableness
vsrefractoriness
9.9

The quality of being very difficult to manage or control

focuses more on resistant behavior than on general difficulty to handle
recalcitrancy
vsrefractoriness
  • Formal
9.7

Refusing to follow rules or orders

is broader, covering resistance to control in many contexts, not only authority

Antonyms

57 3.2

Easy to deal with

31 5.1

Willing to follow rules or do what other people want

How Unmanageable

refractoriness
  • Formal
9.9
stubbornness
21 3.6
resistance
214 4.0
reluctance
68 3.6
compliance
171 5.0

Surface Forms

Morphology

refractoriness = refractory (opaque) = re + fract + ory + ness

The base 'refractory' is not transparently derived from 'fracture', and the meaning shift to 'stubbornness' is not obvious.

Etymology

Refractoriness comes from the Latin parts re- and frangere, where frangere means 'to break', and it shares the same root as the English word fracture. So, a person with refractoriness 'refuses to bend' or be controlled, which is why the word means stubborn or hard to manage.