past participle
1
2.7
- noun
- /pæst ˈpɑːrtɪˌsɪpəl/
- Specialized
:
participio pasado
- The infinitive and the past participle may in fact have been the last forms to adopt the infix; see Malkiel ("Etymology" 303).
- past participle functioning adjectivally
- past participle functioning
Examples
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You used the past participle without a modifier.
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Infinitive: know, past: knew, past participle: known. Past Perfect is formed like this: had + past participle.
Blog text (2) -
And what's with "drank" as a past participle?
Blog text (28) -
Infinitive: know, past: knew, past participle: known. Past Perfect is formed like this: had + past participle.
Blog text (2) -
The criticism is prompted by Franz's bumbling recitation and inability to recall the rule concerning agreement with past participles.
Academic text (2000) -
As already mentioned above, the Old Spanish past participle, veido (derived from OSp. veer), disappeared along with the disyllabic infinitive.
Academic text (2001) -
13. And in the case of the verb under examination here, the regularized past participle vedo (based on veer) never replaced the etymological visto.
Academic text (2001) -
"Combined" was only a past participle functioning adjectivally to modify "mind," and the stanza as a whole was not wondering whether the Lady's gentle mind any longer combined with the form that scattered love but rather whether the Lady's gentle mind found sadness.
Academic text (2005) -
Fully regular in the present system, domare exhibited an archaic perfect domui, along with a rhizotonic past participle domitu, forms more compatible with the Classical Latin third than with the first conjugation.
Academic text (2000) -
In English, the past participle is often used to form the perfect tenses.
Surface Forms
Morphology
The phrase combines 'past' (relating to prior time) with 'participle' (a verb form functioning adjectivally), so its meaning as a participial verb form that expresses a past or completed action is directly derivable from the constituents. This composition is grammatically regular and has clear cross-linguistic parallels, so a B1 learner who knows both words should be able to infer the MWE's basic meaning.
Etymology
The term past participle comes from two parts: past, meaning 'finished', and participle, a special verb form often used like an adjective. Think of it as the verb form that shows a completed action; we use it with 'have', for example 'I have eaten', to make perfect tenses, or with 'be', for example 'was eaten', to make the passive, so the past participle tells us something is finished or was done to someone or something.