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in vitro

in vitro

37 5.4
Take place outside a living body in a lab, for example in a test tube
  • adjective
  • /ɪn ˈviːtroʊ/
  • Specialized
translation icon : in vitro
  • Although there's only a 10 percent chance of success... ... many couples have tried in vitro fertilization.
  • in vitro fertilization
  • in vitro and in vivo
  • in vitro studies

And what PCR is, is it's an in vitro method.

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Examples

  • Over the course of the next term, we will be closely examining cancer cells in vitro and discussing autophagic activity.

  • We tried in vitro so many times, and it just wasn't meant to be.

  • So over the years, what we did is we moved from in vitro, which this is to small animals, to larger animals like dogs.

  • I was wondering, doctor, could the in vitro procedures have been contaminated in any way?

  • These are living human cells in in vitro, not in vivo.

  • So one thing that I have to buy is in vitro fertilization.

  • They just tried in vitro, and it failed.

  • Your daughter, she was conceived by in vitro fertilization, correct?

  • Another in vitro study with cultured cells found that quercetin does seem to have zinc ionophore activity.

  • The laboratory conducts experiments in vitro to study cell behavior outside a living organism.

Synonyms

ex vivo
vsin vitro
  • Specialized
1 9.3

Happening to cells or organs outside a living body in a lab

is used more broadly in science and medicine

Antonyms

in vivo
  • Specialized
6 5.9

Happening inside a living animal or person

How Artificial

sim
  • Specialized
1 7.5
in vitro
  • Specialized
37 5.4
ex vivo
  • Specialized
1 9.3
in vivo
  • Specialized
6 5.9

Surface Forms

in vitro positive

Morphology

in + vitro

The phrase literally composes 'in' + 'vitro' (Latin for 'glass'), so there is a detectable link between the constituents and the idea of something occurring 'in/within glass' or an artificial container. However, the specialized scientific extension to ‘outside a living organism, in a lab/test tube’ is technical and relies on domain knowledge (and 'vitro' is not a common English word), so a B1 learner who only knows the literal parts would likely not fully infer the specific biomedical sense.

Etymology

In vitro comes from Latin and literally means 'in glass' because early experiments were done in glass test tubes outside living bodies. That's why in vitro today describes tests or fertilization done 'outside the body' in a lab.