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electric dipole

electric dipole

7.4
Two equal but opposite electric charges that are close together
  • noun
  • /ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈdaɪpoʊl/
  • Specialized
translation icon : dipolo eléctrico
  • The electric dipole moment can be calculated by multiplying the charge by the distance between the charges.
  • electric dipole moment

Examples

  • In one set of experiments, we accurately measured the neutron magnetic moment, and in a different series of experiments, we have searched for its electric dipole moment.

    Academic text (1993)
  • We first undertook the electric dipole experiments in 1951 as a test of parity conservation because that symmetry was almost universally believed to exist at the time, but we planned later experiments as tests of time-reversal symmetry.

    Academic text (1993)
  • So this thing has an electric dipole and therefore the energy.

  • We'll also need to ignore that some of these molecules are electric dipoles.

    Blog text (29)
  • We have discussed electric dipole and magnetic dipole radiation.

  • Thus, Laporte's rule, allowing electric dipole transitions only between even and odd states, was a consequence of parity invariance.

    Academic text (1995)
  • In optics, the parameter to be varied is typically a medium's electronic susceptibility, the proportionality factor relating a driving field at a specific frequency to the induced electric dipole.

    Academic text (2012)
  • Protected by the several layers of magnetic shielding visible at right, it was used by researchers at the Institut Laue-Langevin to set an upper bound of well below 10^-25 e-cm on the neutron electric dipole moment.

    Academic text (2012)
  • An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges that are separated by a short distance.

  • In chemistry, many molecules behave like electric dipoles when their positive and negative charges are unequally distributed.

Synonyms

dipole
vselectric dipole
  • Specialized
1 8.2

Two opposite electric charges or magnetic poles close together

is restricted to electric charges rather than magnetic poles
electric doublet
vselectric dipole
  • Specialized
8.7

A pair of equal electric charges, one positive and one negative, close together like a water molecule

is the same concept but uses the alternative technical term

Surface Forms

Morphology

electric + dipole

The meaning is directly compositional: the adjective 'electric' specifies the type of 'dipole' so, given the constituent meanings ('electric' = relating to electricity; 'dipole' = two opposite charges/poles), the MWE meaning is predictable. This follows a standard adjective+noun pattern and would be understandable to a learner who knows both words.

Etymology

The term electric dipole paints a simple picture: electric points to electric charge and dipole means two 'poles', so imagine a tiny object with a positive end and a negative end close together. That's why it means 'a pair of equal and opposite electric charges separated by a small distance'.