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to depend upon

to depend upon

67 2.3
To be decided by something such as the weather
  • phrasal verb
  • /dɪˈpɛnd əˈpɒn/
translation icon : depender de
  • Our plans for the weekend depend upon the weather forecast.
  • much depends upon
  • success depends upon
  • depends upon the context

Basically, returns tended to vary depending upon the size of firms.

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Examples

  • How much of a democracy any nation has depends upon the feelings of people toward others.

    Academic text (1999)
  • We must remember always that accusation is not proof... ...and that conviction depends upon evidence and due process of law.

  • Because what you do depends upon who you are and what you know.

  • Your life depends upon it.

  • My whole career depends upon it.

  • Your job depends upon it.

  • Everything depends upon news from Manchester.

  • So it really depends upon how quickly we can ramp up the number of tests.

  • Willow Ufgood, the safety of this village depends upon you.

  • The globalized economy, like tourism, depends upon the maintenance of a center and a periphery.

    Academic text (2008)

Synonyms

to depend
vsto depend upon
1.1

To be decided by another thing, for example the weather

highlights contingency while the key uses a common phrasal structure
to depend on
vsto depend upon
819 1.7

Be affected or decided by something

is the same meaning but is the alternative preposition form
to rely
vsto depend upon
791 1.1

To trust someone or something to give you help

is about being contingent on conditions, not personal trust
to count on
vsto depend upon
700 1.8

To trust a person or thing to do what you need

expresses contingency generally rather than expectation of specific action
to rely on
vsto depend upon
602 1.0

Trust a person or thing to do what you expect

expresses contingency without implying trust or expectation of action
to hinge on
vsto depend upon
37 4.2

Need one thing to happen for another thing to be true

is used for contingency without implying total reliance
to rely upon
vsto depend upon
33 2.3

Trust someone or something to do what you need

focuses on contingency and causation rather than personal trust
to turn on
vsto depend upon
20 4.1

To depend on something

expresses the same contingency but in a more formal phrasal style
to hinge
vsto depend upon
12 4.3

To depend on something for a result

is broader, allowing partial influence rather than full determination
to hinge upon
vsto depend upon
  • Formal
2 5.5

To depend completely on something for the result

shows contingency generally rather than total or exclusive reliance
to hang upon
vsto depend upon
5.4

Depend on something that decides the result

is the neutral phrasing used generally rather than formal variants

How Dependent

contingent on
12 6.4
to depend upon
67 2.3
to turn on
20 4.1

Surface Forms

depend upon infinitive
depended upon past participle
depending upon present participle
depends upon third person singular

Morphology

depend + upon

The meaning 'to be determined or influenced by' is directly built from 'depend' (to rely or be contingent) combined with the preposition 'upon' (on/based on), so a learner who knows both words can compose the sense. This verb + preposition construction is a standard, cross-linguistically common pattern and therefore immediately comprehensible to B1 learners.

Etymology

Depend upon can also mean that one thing rests on another, like a lamp sitting on a table, where the lamp's place depends upon the table holding it. So if a plan depends upon the weather, the plan is 'decided by' the weather.