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confusion

confusion

48 1.8
A mistake when one thing is thought to be another
  • noun
  • /kənˈfjuːʒən/
translation icon : confusión
  • The instructions were unclear, leading to considerable confusion during the event preparations.
  • cause confusion
  • avoid confusion
  • source of confusion

I'm tweeting as her, which led a lot of confusion in emails.

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Examples

  • HOOVER: I am not in the habit of repeating myself, Agent Broadbeck... but I will do so here to ensure there is no confusion.

  • A major difficulty exists when there is confusion between the concepts of teaching and learning.

    Academic text (1991)
  • It's terrible, but it was clear the problem for people today is confusion in a world that should make sense.

  • More than once he had started walking in the wrong direction until increasing confusion turned him around.

    Fiction book (1998)
  • There is a lot of confusion among the officers in the front row.

    Fiction book (1991)
  • Gentlemen, I think there's been some sort of confusion.

  • And if there is any confusion, I'll be happy to act as interpreter.

  • This is a practical, pragmatic distinction, and I think this is part of where all the confusion has come from.

  • Not surprisingly, the result was confusion, as the feature sets offered by different vendors diverged.

    Academic text (2011)
  • There was a lot of confusion about what the Paulson, Bernanke, Geithner program was.

Synonyms

error
vsconfusion
306 1.0

A wrong belief, calculation, or action

is specifically about mistaking one thing for another rather than any mistake
mix-up
vsconfusion
53 3.3

A mistake that happens when someone confuses one thing with another

is about wrong naming or recognition rather than general disorder
misidentification
vsconfusion
3 6.7

A mistake when someone identifies the wrong person or object

is broader, covering any mistake from wrong substitution beyond naming
misattribution
vsconfusion
1 8.9

Saying that someone made or caused something when they did not

focuses on mistaking identity itself rather than wrongly assigning causes
misclassification
vsconfusion
  • Specialized
1 6.3

An error that puts something into the wrong group in data or science

is not limited to category errors but to taking one thing for another
misrecognition
vsconfusion
8.6

A wrong idea about yourself or another person that changes how you act

is more about confusing separate items rather than internal false self images

Antonyms

871 1.1

The ability to know what something means

62 3.3

An explanation that makes something easier to understand

Idioms

With much hurry and disorder

Compounds

A state when a person cannot think clearly and feels lost

1 4.5

A situation where people mistake one brand for another because of similar logo or packaging

A state of mind when you feel unclear and cannot think or decide

How Confusing

confusion
48 1.8

Surface Forms

confusion singular
confusions plural

Morphology

confusion = confuse (transparent) = confuse + ion

This sense (a mistaken identification) follows straightforwardly from 'confuse' (to take one thing for another) plus '-ion'.

Etymology

Confusion comes from Latin con- ('together') and fundere ('to pour'), so it first meant 'poured together' or mixed up. So if two things are mixed this way, people can take one for the other, which is why confusion also means a mistake or wrong identification.