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beholden

beholden

32 8.0
Feeling that you should repay someone for their help
  • adjective
  • /bɪˈhoʊldən/
  • Formal
translation icon : en deuda con
  • You are beholden to your biology.
  • beholden to mandates
  • beholden to the party
  • beholden to the government

They are so beholden to two foreign people.

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Examples

  • I, for one, would never want to be beholden to the French.

    Fiction book (1994)
  • I am beholden to Your Lordship.

  • For one thing, I speak to young people all the time and try to encourage them not to be beholden to these two parties.

  • Who are you beholden to first and foremost?

  • Besides, I'm beholden to you for saving my life.

  • And that's because many in Congress are beholden to the military industrial complex.

  • They've become individual political entrepreneurs, elected on their own and beholden to no one in Congress.

    Academic text (1990)
  • And we're exposing politicians who are more beholden to special interests than their constituents.

    Academic text (2007)
  • And I just don't want to be beholden to it or feel like it's an onerous thing.

  • I am truly beholden to you for your generous support during my time of need.

Synonyms

indebted
vsbeholden
16 5.6

Feeling grateful to someone who has helped you

is more about owing a duty than feeling personal gratitude

Antonyms

984 2.3

Not controlled by others

Free from a duty or promise to do something

How Indebted

indebted
16 5.6
beholden
  • Formal
32 8.0
obliged
1 4.4

Surface Forms

beholden positive

Morphology

beholden = behold (opaque) = behold + en

Although historically formed from the verb 'behold' + '-en', the modern sense 'indebted' is not predictable from 'behold' ('to see') for typical learners.

Etymology

The word beholden comes from the parts be- and hold, originally meaning 'held by' someone. So if you are beholden to someone, you 'owe' them thanks or feel you must 'repay' them.