virologically
- adverb
- /vaɪəˈrɑlədʒɪkli/
- Specialized
- Here we describe a case of subclinical avian influenza A H5 infection, confirmed both virologically and serologically.
- virologically confirmed
Examples
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The controversy rests, to a large extent, on the interpretation of serologic tests used to detect prior H5 infection and the paucity of virologically confirmed subclinical or mild cases.
Academic text (2013) -
She presented her findings on virologically confirmed cases at the medical conference.
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The researchers conducted a study to determine if the disease was detected virologically.
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To fully understand the outbreak, the scientists needed to analyze virologically collected samples.
Surface Forms
Morphology
virologically = virological (semi-transparent) = virus + ology + ic + al + ly
The adverb is built transparently from the adjective 'virological', but the scientific combining form and layered derivation make the full word only partly obvious to an average learner.
Etymology
The word virologically comes from virology, which is virus plus the ending -logy meaning 'study', and you can see the same -logy in biology. A helpful way to remember it is to imagine scientists watching tiny troublemakers in a lab, because virologically means 'in a way that is about the study of viruses'.