ibidem
1
9.9
- adverb
- /ɪˈbɪdɛm/
- Formal
- In the bibliography, after the first detailed entry, the author used ibidem for repeated sources.
Examples
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For all subsequent references, he simply wrote ibidem to avoid repeating the same citation.
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She checked the footnote, which read 'ibidem', to confirm it referred to the earlier citation.
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The findings in Smith's study were conclusive; see ibidem for further details.
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Jones (2020) discussed this theory extensively; ibidem provides additional insights.
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In his article, the scholar frequently used ibidem to avoid redundancy in citations.
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The author noted that the definition was found in the previous source, indicated by ibidem.
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When compiling her references, she marked repeated citations as ibidem to simplify the list.
Synonyms
5
9.9
Shows the same book or article as the reference before it
1
9.9
In citations, it shows the same source as the one just mentioned
1
9.9
In references it shows the same author or source mentioned before
Surface Forms
Etymology
Ibidem comes from the Latin parts ibi 'there' and idem 'the same'. So in citations it means 'in the same place', and you often see it written as ibid. when the source is the same as the one just above.