hydroxyl group
- noun
- /haɪˈdrɒksɪl ɡruːp/
- Specialized
:
grupo hidroxilo
- In organic chemistry, a hydroxyl group consists of one oxygen atom bonded to one hydrogen atom, which is often found in alcohol compounds.
- more free hydroxyl groups
Examples
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These modifications include changes to the phosphate backbone chemistry, the sugar moieties, and, in RNA, the 2' hydroxyl group.
Academic text (2016) -
If you made nucleotides that don't have that hydroxyl group, they can't be extended.
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The phosphate group on the five prime end, you have a hydroxyl group on the three prime end.
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Sorbitol is a "sugar alcohol"; it is made by the reduction of glucose, converting the aldehyde group of glucose to a hydroxyl group.
Blog text (5) -
However, they all have at least one hydroxyl group, responsible for water solubility, and one amino group responsible for the absorption of acid gases.
Academic text (1996) -
Within the nucleus, the reactive hydroxyl groups are utilized in nucleophilic attack upon the host cell genome, a process known as strand transfer 17.
Blog text (19) -
The more free hydroxyl groups a flavonoid has, the higher antiplatelet and antiradical activities it exhibits among the same type of flavonoids with the same core structure.
Academic text (2014) -
Quantitative analysis of bisphenols using LC-MS/MS is most often performed using the M-H ion in the negative ion mode because of the phenolic hydroxyl group.
Academic text (2018) -
The hydrogen on the C2 hydroxyl group is removed by the water molecule coordinated with the M2 metal site (Fig. 4B).
Academic text (2015) -
During this step, IN cleaves a dinucleotide from each viral DNA terminus at a conserved CA sequence, yielding two reactive 3' hydroxyl groups.
Blog text (19)
Synonyms
1
7.9
A group of one oxygen and one hydrogen atom in a molecule
A group of atoms written as –OH that makes a molecule an alcohol
A part of a molecule with an oxygen and hydrogen joined to a carbon atom
Surface Forms
Morphology
The phrase is fully compositional: 'hydroxyl' denotes an -OH moiety and 'group' denotes a bonded assembly, so 'hydroxyl group' straightforwardly means a bonded assembly containing an -OH. This follows regular scientific naming patterns (and has direct parallels in many languages), so a learner who knows both constituents can derive the meaning.
Etymology
Hydroxyl group names a tiny part made of one oxygen and one hydrogen, written as -OH. Because this little pair is like part of water, it helps a molecule 'mix with water', so the name helps you remember what it does.