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although

although

1.0
Shows a contrast with what was said before
  • subordinating conjunction
  • /ɔlˈðoʊ/
translation icon : aunque
  • The team played well, although they lost the match.
  • Although many
  • Although most
  • Although studies

They cannot hurt us, although long ago they could.

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Examples

  • Opposition to all interventions is a mistake, although opposition to some is sure to be morally necessary.

    Academic text (2011)
  • In the following two years, the Chinese responded impressively, although only partially, to this shift in U.S. policy.

    Academic text (2011)
  • A different kind of concern, although probably less common, comes from the opposite direction.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Management does not vary with age, although tolerance of drugs may be lower in older patients.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Continued growth and integration into Europe, although providing no guarantee, represent the best hope for political reform.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Therefore, water does not necessarily flow from higher to lower elevations, although this is generally the case.

    Academic text (2011)
  • But although they were small, these mammals were triumphant.

  • Very little qualitative research is done by economists, although case studies are sometimes used.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Seventh-grade students did not increase interpretation performance, although students in other grades did.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Sectarian churches are a minority, although they are increasing in number here as elsewhere.

    Academic text (2011)

Synonyms

whereas
vsalthough
  • Formal
359 3.5

To show that two things are different

introduces a contrast that often seems to contradict the prior statement
albeit
vsalthough
  • Formal
60 3.5

Although one thing is true, something else is also true

introduces a contrast that opposes or seems to oppose the previous idea

Surface Forms

although main

Morphology

although = though (semi-transparent) = all + though

Formally composed of 'all' + 'though' and the connection to 'though' is clear, but the conjunction is grammaticalized and its exact use is idiomatic.

Etymology

Although comes from old English parts all ('all') and though ('in spite of'). So think of although as meaning 'in spite of all', which is why we use it to show a contrast between two ideas.