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Shiism

Shiism

1 8.5
A branch of Islam that believes Ali should have led after Muhammad
  • noun
  • /ˈʃiːɪzəm/
translation icon : chiismo
  • Why did Iranians choose Shiism rather than the Sunni faith?

Examples

  • They conquered Iran, they formed a new dynasty, and they spread Shiism through Iran and it also spread into southern Iraq.

  • In Iran, a central question is whether religious actors can reform the revolutionary Shiism bequeathed by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.

    Academic text (2008)
  • That is not the case with Shiism, which has been decisively shaped by a cult of suffering and martyrdom.

    Academic text (2010)
  • Cole continues to present himself as an expert on Shiism and on the Persian, Arabic, and Urdu tongues.

    Blog text (25)
  • Both want to defeat al Qaeda (which considers Shiism to be a heresy).

    Academic text (2009)
  • By judiciously supporting such efforts, the United States can encourage internal reform that rejects both theocracy and terrorism as inimical to Shiism.

    Academic text (2008)
  • Home to Ibadis, as well as Sunnis, small groups of several branches of Shiism, and foreigners from various faith traditions, Oman represents a unique situation of relative interreligious harmony.

    Blog text (22)
  • The hostility also stems from another concern: the widespread belief that Iran, Afghanistan's Shiite neighbor to the west, is promoting Shiism and bolstering Hazara leadership as a way to gain cultural influence.

    Blog text (28)
  • The concept of Shiism plays a crucial role in understanding the religious landscape of Iran.

  • Many scholars study Shiism to explore its unique interpretations of Islamic teachings.

Synonyms

Shia
vsShiism
22 4.7

A branch of Islam whose followers believe Ali, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, should have been Muhammad's successor

rejects the first three caliphs' legitimacy as part of that succession claim
Shiah Islam
vsShiism
5.8

A branch of Islam that believes leaders should come from Ali's family, common in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon

focuses on Ali's immediate claim and rejects the first three caliphs' legitimacy

Surface Forms

Shiism singular
Shiisms plural

Morphology

Shiism = Shia (transparent) = Shia + ism

Formed by the proper name 'Shia' plus the productive suffix '-ism' denoting a belief system, so the meaning is directly predictable from the parts.

Etymology

Shiism comes from the Arabic Shia, which means 'followers' or 'party'. It first named the group who supported Ali as the leader after Muhammad, so Shiism today means the branch of Islam that follows him.