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should

should

2.4
To say that someone did not do what was expected in the past
  • auxiliary
  • /ʃʊd/
translation icon : debería haber
  • I realize now that I should have listened to your advice.

Examples

  • I should have studied more.

  • You should have told me about the change in schedule before I arrived.

  • They should have checked the weather forecast before planning the picnic.

  • You should have called earlier.

  • You should have told me about the change in schedule before I arrived.

  • They should have checked the weather forecast before planning the picnic.

  • I realize now that I should have listened to your advice.

Synonyms

shoulda
vsshould
  • Informal
8.4

To say in casual speech that someone needed to do something or it would have been better in the past

is the standard formal expression for past expectation or criticism
ought
vsshould
3.4

To be expected or right to do something and likely to happen

specifies past expectation or regret not general moral duty
supposed to
vsshould
2.1

To be expected to happen or to be required to do something

focuses on past expectation or criticism rather than present obligation
shouldst
vsshould
  • Archaic
9.9

To be an old form people used with 'thou' to give advice or talk about duty

is the modern standard form used in other persons and registers
shouldest
vsshould
  • Archaic
9.9

To be an old second-person form used with thou to show duty or advice

is the regular modern form used across persons and registers

Idioms

who should not
  • Informal
32 9.9

You say this after praising yourself to seem modest or unsure

Says as a joke to show someone else is more hurt after a fight

To make the wrong choice when a different action is needed

To do the wrong thing when a different action is needed

Surface Forms

should infinitive

Etymology

The word should comes from the old past of shall, meaning 'to owe' or 'to be obliged', and when we say should have we mean something was the right or expected thing in the past, often showing regret. So should have signals that an action was expected before but did not happen.