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to refer

to refer

103 3.0
Be about something or have a direct connection to it
  • verb
  • /rɪˈfɜr/
translation icon : referirse a
  • During the lecture, the professor will refer to several key studies to support his findings.
  • the term refers to
  • refers to context
  • refers specifically to

So the DNR refers to your thoughts about CPR.

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Examples

  • Related questions under this category refer to those that require librarians' personal knowledge to answer.

    Academic text (2011)
  • If I can figure out what these numbers refer to...

  • Does it refer to the final result?

  • In science we refer to this movement as gene flow.

  • What are people talking about when they refer to the unconscious mind?

  • In its common usage, literacy refers to the ability to read, write, communicate, and understand language.

    Academic text (2011)
  • Of the four elements, three refer to family-related matters and only one comes from an exogenous source.

    Academic text (2008)
  • The minister speaks of love's responsibilities, and the rabbi refers to the linking of generations and future generations.

    Fiction book (2000)
  • Similarly, we will refer to educational goal attainment as a synonym for student success.

    Academic text (2011)
  • In science, we refer to this phenomenon as photosynthesis.

Synonyms

to have to do with
vsto refer
709 2.7

To be about something or connected to it

is more neutral and precise used in formal or general statements
to concern
vsto refer
512 2.1

To be about someone or something

is about a topic or subject rather than focusing on who is affected
to relate
vsto refer
317 2.2

To be connected or important to something

is a direct statement about something rather than an associative link
to pertain
vsto refer
108 4.6

To be about or connected with something

is about something in a general way rather than applying formally
to bear on
vsto refer
31 5.1

To be connected with or affect something

is limited to being about a topic rather than implying direct influence

How Relevant

to focus on
2.0
to refer
103 3.0
to touch on
3 4.0

Surface Forms

refer infinitive
referred past
referred past participle
referring present participle
refers third person singular

Etymology

Refer comes from the Latin parts re- 'back' and ferre 'to carry', a root also in transfer. So if a rule refers to a group, it 'relates' to them or is 'about' them, showing a direct connection.