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post hoc

post hoc

1 9.1
An analysis done after a study to check unexpected results, not to confirm them
  • noun
  • /ˈpoʊst hɑk/
  • Specialized
translation icon : análisis post hoc
  • The researchers performed a post hoc analysis to investigate the unexpected results of their study.

Examples

  • Significant ANOVAs were then followed with Tukey's post hoc comparisons.

    Academic text (2008)
  • For age group comparisons, post-hoc tests were performed using Tukey's honestly significant difference method.

    Academic text (2008)
  • Nonetheless, there is no evidence of other agencies using this post hoc approach to planning to seize control from the state.

    Academic text (2013)
  • Results of the post hoc comparisons can be seen in Table 2.

    Academic text (1992)
  • We do not conduct post hoc statistical power analyses.

    Academic text (2017)
  • The weighted least squares mean d is the measure of interest when conducting the post-hoc analysis.

    Academic text (1999)
  • First, a Friedman test and, subsequently, a post hoc Wilcoxon test were applied.

    Academic text (2012)
  • To locate this difference, a post hoc analysis using multiple comparisons between seating positions was computed.

    Academic text (1992)
  • The Bonferroni post hoc test was used in conjunction with the ANOVA for further specificity.

    Academic text (2008)
  • An analysis of variance was run to examine mean score differences using Tukey post hoc comparisons.

    Academic text (2011)

Synonyms

post mortem
vspost hoc
  • Jargon
1 6.0

A meeting after a project or event to discuss what went well and how to improve

is focused on exploring unplanned study findings rather than general event assessment
post-mortem examination
vspost hoc
  • Jargon
5.0

A careful review of a project or incident to learn what went wrong and improve

is exploratory and less formal, used to investigate unplanned study results

Surface Forms

post hoc singular
post hocs plural

Morphology

post + hoc

The phrase is Latin and literally means 'after this' (post = after; hoc = this), so a learner who knows those constituents could infer a general temporal/retrospective sense. However, its specialized academic meaning — a secondary, exploratory analysis not preplanned or definitive — is a technical extension that cannot be fully predicted from the literal words, so the expression is only partially transparent.

Etymology

Post hoc comes from Latin and literally means 'after this'. It paints the simple image of researchers looking back at results after a study to find unplanned patterns, so a post hoc analysis is done after the fact and is only an exploratory check that needs confirmation.