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pneumomediastinum

pneumomediastinum

1 9.9
Air or gas in the central chest space between the lungs
  • noun
  • /ˌnjuːmoʊˌmɛdiˈæstɪnəm/
  • Specialized
: neumomediastino
  • A chest x-ray demonstrated pneumomediastinum.
  • symptom of pneumomediastinum
  • spontaneous pneumomediastinum
  • pneumomediastinum and emphysema

Examples

  • Most cases of pneumomediastinum are caused by surgery or trauma to the airway or upper gastrointestinal tract.

    Academic text (2006)
  • Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is rare, occurring once in every 7,000 to 12,000 hospital admissions.

    Academic text (2006)
  • A working diagnosis of pneumomediastinum was made.

    Academic text (2006)
  • The last of these is the usual etiology of spontaneous pneumomediastinum.

    Academic text (2006)
  • Treatment of pneumomediastinum is also conservative, but most experts advocate giving 100% oxygen to increase the rate of gas resorption.

    Academic text (2006)
  • The most common symptom of pneumomediastinum is a stabbing precordial chest pain that radiates to the arms and back.

    Academic text (2002)
  • A chest radiograph detected extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the right neck and shoulder together with a pneumomediastinum (Figure 1).

    Academic text (2002)
  • In the rare situation of hemodynamic embarrassment caused by tension pneumomediastinum, surgical decompression of the mediastinum might be indicated.

    Academic text (2002)
  • The classic sign of pneumomediastinum is Hamman's sign, a crunching sound over the precordium that is synchronous with ventricular systole.

    Academic text (2006)
  • Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is rare, occurring once in every 7,000 to 12,000 hospital admissions.

Surface Forms

Morphology

pneumomediastinum = mediastinum (transparent) = pneumo + mediastinum

Formed by the combining form 'pneumo-' (air) + 'mediastinum' (central chest space); the meaning 'air in the mediastinum' is a direct composition of these parts.

Etymology

The word pneumomediastinum comes from pneumo- meaning 'air' and mediastinum, the 'middle' space in the chest between the lungs. So pneumomediastinum simply means 'air in the middle of the chest'.