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opsin

opsin

1 9.9
A protein in the eye that joins with a light-sensitive chemical to help detect light
  • noun
  • /ˈɑːpsɪn/
  • Specialized
translation icon : opsina
  • The opsin proteins in the retina combine with retinal to form rhodopsin, which is essential for vision.
  • opsin gene
  • violet opsin
  • cone opsin

Examples

  • When light strikes, the chromophore absorbs a photon and suddenly causes the opsin to change shape.

    Blog text (15)
  • Mutations to the genes that encode the opsin proteins can, therefore, alter the wavelengths that an animal can see.

    Academic text (2009)
  • Visual pigments have two components: a chromophore and an opsin.

    Academic text (2009)
  • If the opsin remains the same but the chromophore changes, the pigment will alter its sensitivity to light.

    Academic text (2009)
  • Furthermore, close relatives of the species do have functional violet opsins.

    Academic text (2006)
  • Fossilization of the opsin gene for violet-sensitive vision is depicted in the diagram.

    Academic text (2006)
  • Sometime during coelacanth evolution, the green-red opsin gene was lost.

    Academic text (2006)
  • Moreover, all the relatives of the owl monkey that are active by daylight have an intact violet opsin gene.

    Academic text (2006)
  • The chromophore, a light-absorbing molecule, sits in a pocket inside the opsin, a protein.

    Academic text (2009)
  • Nevertheless, modern dolphins still carry the disrupted DNA sequence—a fossil opsin gene—for violet vision in their genome (bottom row).

    Academic text (2006)

Surface Forms

opsin singular
opsins plural

Morphology

opsin = ops (opaque) = ops + in

The element 'ops' is a technical combining form and the protein-forming suffix '-in' produces a specialist scientific term not inferable by general learners.

Etymology

Opsin comes from the Greek opsis meaning 'sight', the same root behind optics. In the retina, an opsin is a light-sensitive protein that helps the eye see by turning light into electrical signals.